THE POLITICAL PRISONERS.
政治犯。

Until they left Perm Nekhludoff only twice managed to see Katusha, once in Nijni, before the prisoners were embarked on a barge surrounded with a wire netting, and again in Perm in the prison office. —
直到离开彼尔姆涅克卢杜夫只有两次设法见到卡图什，一次是在尼日，在囚犯登上用铁丝网围起的驳船之前，另一次是在彼尔姆监狱办事处。 —

At both these interviews he found her reserved and unkind. —
在这两次会面中，他发现她冷淡而不友善。 —

She answered his questions as to whether she was in want of anything, and whether she was comfortable, evasively and bashfully, and, as he thought, with the same feeling of hostile reproach which she had shown several times before. —
她对他的问题是否有什么需要，是否舒适，回答得含糊而羞涩，他觉得她的态度充满敌意的指责，这种敌意在以前已经显示过几次。 —

Her depressed state of mind, which was only the result of the molestations from the men that she was undergoing at the time, tormented Nekhludoff. —
由于受到她当时受到的男人的骚扰，她的心情低落，这让涅克卢杜夫痛苦不堪。 —

He feared lest, influenced by the hard and degrading circumstances in which she was placed on the journey, she should again get into that state of despair and discord with her own self which formerly made her irritable with him, and which had caused her to drink and smoke excessively to gain oblivion. —
他担心她会再次陷入绝望和与自己不和的状态，这种状态以前使她对他发火，导致她酗酒过度吸烟以获得遗忘。 —

But he was unable to help her in any way during this part of the journey, as it was impossible for him to be with her. —
但在旅程的这段时间，他无法帮助她，因为不可能和她在一起。 —

It was only when she joined the political prisoners that he saw how unfounded his fears were, and at each interview he noticed that inner change he so strongly desired to see in her becoming more and more marked. —
只有当她加入政治犯后，他看到了自己的担忧是多么没有根据，每次会面时，他都注意到她内心的变化越来越明显。 —

The first time they met in Tomsk she was again just as she had been when leaving Moscow. —
他们在托木斯克见面时，她又变回了离开莫斯科时那样。 —

She did not frown or become confused when she saw him, but met him joyfully and simply, thanking him for what he had done for her, especially for bringing her among the people with whom she now was.
当看见他时，她不皱眉也不尴尬，而是欣喜地而简单地和他见面，感谢他为她所做的一切，尤其是将她带到她现在所在的人群中。

After two months’ marching with the gang, the change that had taken place within her became noticeable in her appearance. —
在与囚犯一起行军两个月后，她内心发生的变化在外表上变得明显。 —

She grew sunburned and thinner, and seemed older; —
她晒黑了，变得瘦了，看起来变老了; —

wrinkles appeared on her temples and round her mouth. —
她的太阳穴和嘴周围出现了皱纹。 —

She had no ringlets on her forehead now, and her hair was covered with the kerchief; —
她额头上没有卷发，头发用头巾盖着; —

in the way it was arranged, as well as in her dress and her manners, there was no trace of coquetry left. —
无论是她打扮的方式，还是她的服饰和举止，都没有了任何媚俗的痕迹。 —

And this change, which had taken place and was still progressing in her, made Nekhludoff very happy.
这种改变一直在她身上发生并不断进行，这让涅克露多夫感到非常开心。

He felt for her something he had never experienced before. —
他对她产生了一种以前从未有过的感情。 —

This feeling had nothing in common with his first poetic love for her, and even less with the sensual love that had followed, nor even with the satisfaction of a duty fulfilled, not unmixed with self-admiration, with which he decided to marry her after the trial. —
这种感觉与他对她的第一次诗意的爱无关，更不用说随之而来的感官上的爱，甚至不同于在庭审之后决定与她结婚时，带有自我欣赏的满足感。 —

The present feeling was simply one of pity and tenderness. —
当时他在监狱第一次见到她时就感觉到了这种只有怜悯和温柔的感情；之后当他克服厌恶感后原谅了她在医院与医护人员有染（后来发现了对她的不公正对待）时也是如此。 —

He had felt it when he met her in prison for the first time, and then again when, after conquering his repugnance, he forgave her the imagined intrigue with the medical assistant in the hospital (the injustice done her had since been discovered); —
这是他现在感受到的同样的感觉，只是不同之处在于以前是瞬间的，而现在已经持久了。 —

it was the same feeling he now had, only with this difference, that formerly it was momentary, and that now it had become permanent. —
无论他现在在做什么，想着什么，心中都充满了怜悯和温柔的感觉，不仅是对她，还包括对每个人。 —

Whatever he was doing, whatever he was thinking now, a feeling of pity and tenderness dwelt with him, and not only pity and tenderness for her, but for everybody. —
这种感觉似乎打开了爱的闸门，而涅克露多夫的灵魂中并没有出口，现在爱流向了他所遇到的每个人。 —

This feeling seemed to have opened the floodgates of love, which had found no outlet in Nekhludoff’s soul, and the love now flowed out to every one he met.
在这段旅程中，涅克露多夫的感情被激发得如此强烈，以至于他不得不对每个人都体贴入微，从马车夫和押送士兵到他必须打交道的监狱督察和监狱长。

During this journey Nekhludoff’s feelings were so stimulated that he could not help being attentive and considerate to everybody, from the coachman and the convoy soldiers to the prison inspectors and governors whom he had to deal with. —
现在马斯洛娃在政治犯中，涅克露多夫不得不开始熟悉其中许多人，首先是在叶卡捷琳堡，那里他们有相当的自由，被关在一个大牢里，然后是在路上，马斯洛娃与三个男子和四个女子一起行进。 —

Now that Maslova was among the political prisoners, Nekhludoff could not help becoming acquainted with many of them, first in Ekaterinburg, where they had a good deal of freedom and were kept altogether in a large cell, and then on the road when Maslova was marching with three of the men and four of the women. —
与政治流亡者这样接触使涅克露多夫对他们完全改变了看法。 —

Coming in contact with political exiles in this way made Nekhludoff completely change his mind concerning them.
从俄罗斯革命运动开始的一开始，特别是在那次亚历山大二世被谋杀的三月一日起，涅克露多夫就厌恶和鄙视革命者。

From the very beginning of the revolutionary movement in Russia, but especially since that first of March, when Alexander II was murdered, Nekhludoff regarded the revolutionists with dislike and contempt. —
他对他们在与政府斗争中采取的残酷和秘密手段，尤其是他们犯下的残暴谋杀行为感到厌恶，而他们的傲慢也使他感到恶心。 —

He was repulsed by the cruelty and secrecy of the methods they employed in their struggles against the government, especially the cruel murders they committed, and their arrogance also disgusted him. —
但是在更加深入地了解他们及他们在政府下所遭受的一切痛苦后，他看到他们不可能是别的样子。 —

But having learned more intimately to know them and all they had suffered at the hands of the government, he saw that they could not be other than they were.
虽然对罪犯施加的刑罚是可怕且无休止的，但至少在他们被判前后还显示了一些公正的外表，但在政治犯的情况下甚至没有那种外表，涅克露多夫在肖洛斯托娃和他许多许多新认识的人的案例中看到了这一点。

Terrible and endless as were the torments which were inflicted on the criminals, there was at least some semblance of justice shown them before and after they were sentenced, but in the case of the political prisoners there was not even that semblance, as Nekhludoff saw in the case of Sholostova and that of many and many of his new acquaintances. —
另有一位助理还在等待着更新。 —

These people were dealt with like fish caught with a net; —
这些人被像用网捕鱼一样对待； —

everything that gets into the nets is pulled ashore, and then the big fish which are required are sorted out and the little ones are left to perish unheeded on the shore. —
所有被网捕的东西都被拉上岸，然后需要的大鱼被挑出来，小鱼被放在岸上不顾一切地消亡。 —

Having captured hundreds that were evidently guiltless, and that could not be dangerous to the government, they left them imprisoned for years, where they became consumptive, went out of their minds or committed suicide, and kept them only because they had no inducement to set them free, while they might be of use to elucidate some question at a judicial inquiry, safe in prison. —
捕获了数以百计明显无辜，对政府也不构成危险的人，他们被囚禁多年，导致消耗，精神错乱或自杀，只是因为没有动机释放他们，而他们在监狱里能被用来澄清某些司法问题，安全地关押。 —

The fate of these persons, often innocent even from the government point of view, depended on the whim, the humour of, or the amount of leisure at the disposal of some police officer or spy, or public prosecutor, or magistrate, or governor, or minister. —
这些人的命运，即使从政府的角度看也经常是无辜的，取决于某些警官，间谍，检察官，法官，统治者或大臣的一时兴致，情绪或闲暇时间。 —

Some one of these officials feels dull, or inclined to distinguish himself, and makes a number of arrests, and imprisons or sets free, according to his own fancy or that of the higher authorities. —
其中一些官员感到无聊，或倾向于脱颖而出，进行了大量逮捕，根据自己的想法或上级机构的想法来监禁或释放。 —

And the higher official, actuated by like motives, according to whether he is inclined to distinguish himself, or to what his relations to the minister are, exiles men to the other side of the world or keeps them in solitary confinement, condemns them to Siberia, to hard labour, to death, or sets them free at the request of some lady.
高级官员，出于同样的动机，根据自己是否倾向于脱颖而出，或与大臣的关系如何，要么把人流放到地球的另一端，要么让他们独自关押，判他们到西伯利亚，苦工，死刑，或者在某位女士的请求下释放他们。

They were dealt with as in war, and they naturally employed the means that were used against them. —
他们被视为在战争中，自然地采用了对付他们的手段。 —

And as the military men live in an atmosphere of public opinion that not only conceals from them the guilt of their actions, but sets these actions up as feats of heroism, so these political offenders were also constantly surrounded by an atmosphere of public opinion which made the cruel actions they committed, in the face of danger and at the risk of liberty and life, and all that is dear to men, seem not wicked but glorious actions. —
正如军人生活在一个掩盖他们行为罪恶，却将这些行为吹嘘为英勇士行的舆论氛围中一样，这些政治犯也被不断包围着一个舆论氛围，让他们所犯的残酷行为，在危险面前、冒着失去自由和生命以及一切珍贵的代价的情况下，似乎并不邪恶，而是光荣的行为。 —

Nekhludoff found in this the explanation of the surprising phenomenon that men, with the mildest characters, who seemed incapable of witnessing the sufferings of any living creature, much less of inflicting pain, quietly prepared to murder men, nearly all of them considering murder lawful and just on certain occasions as a means for self-defence, for the attainment of higher aims or for the general welfare.
尼赫鲁多夫在此发现了一个奇特现象的解释，即性情温和的人，那些似乎无法忍受任何活物的痛苦，更不愿意施加痛苦的人，却悄然准备着谋杀他人，几乎所有这样的人都认为在某些场合，谋杀是合法且正当的，是为了自卫，为了达到更高的目标或为了整体福祉。

The importance they attribute to their cause, and consequently to themselves, flowed naturally from the importance the government attached to their actions, and the cruelty of the punishments it inflicted on them. —
他们所重视的事业以及因此而看重自己，是源自政府对他们行动的重视，以及政府对他们施以残酷惩罚的敏感度。 —

When Nekhludoff came to know them better he became convinced that they were not the right-down villains that some imagined them to be, nor the complete heroes that others thought them, but ordinary people, just the same as others, among whom there were some good and some bad, and some mediocre, as there are everywhere.
当涅赫鲁多夫更加了解他们时，他确信他们不是某些人所想象的彻头彻尾的恶棍，也不是其他人所认为的完美英雄，而是和其他人一样的普通人，其中有善良的，有恶劣的，有平庸的，就像任何地方一样。

There were some among them who had turned revolutionists because they honestly considered it their duty to fight the existing evils, but there were also those who chose this work for selfish, ambitious motives; —
他们中有些人转变为革命者，因为他们真诚地认为为了对抗现存的弊病是他们的责任，但也有那些出于自私、雄心勃勃的动机而选择这项工作。 —

the majority, however, was attracted to the revolutionary idea by the desire for danger, for risks, the enjoyment of playing with one’s life, which, as Nekhludoff knew from his military experiences, is quite common to the most ordinary people while they are young and full of energy. —
然而，多数人被革命思想所吸引，是因为渴望危险，渴望冒险，享受玩弄自己生命的乐趣，正如涅赫鲁多夫从军事经验中了解到的那样，在年轻而充满活力的时候，这种情况非常普遍。 —

But wherein they differed from ordinary people was that their moral standard was a higher one than that of ordinary men. —
但他们与普通人的不同之处在于，他们的道德标准比普通人要高。 —

They considered not only self-control, hard living, truthfulness, but also the readiness to sacrifice everything, even life, for the common welfare as their duty. —
他们不仅认为自律、节制、诚实是重要的，还视牺牲一切，甚至生命，为了共同利益是他们的责任。 —

Therefore the best among them stood on a moral level that is not often reached, while the worst were far below the ordinary level, many of them being untruthful, hypocritical and at the same time self-satisfied and proud. —
因此，他们中的优秀人物站在道德水平上超越常人，而最糟糕的那些人远低于普通水平，其中许多人不真诚、虚伪，同时又自满骄傲。 —

So that Nekhludoff learned not only to respect but to love some of his new acquaintances, while he remained more than indifferent to others.
涅赫鲁多夫不仅学会尊重，还学会爱他的一些新朋友，而对其他人则更为冷漠。

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