THE TRIAL–THE PROSECUTOR AND THE ADVOCATES.
审判–检察官和辩护律师。

When the examination of the articles of material evidence was finished, the president announced that the investigation was now concluded and immediately called on the prosecutor to proceed, hoping that as the latter was also a man, he, too, might feel inclined to smoke or dine, and show some mercy on the rest. —
当物证的检查结束时，庭长宣布调查现在已经结束，立即请检察官继续，希望他也作为一个人，可能会觉得想要抽烟或用餐，并对其他人表示一些怜悯。 —

But the public prosecutor showed mercy neither to himself nor to any one else. —
但检察官没有对自己或其他任何人表示怜悯。 —

He was very stupid by nature, but, besides this, he had had the misfortune of finishing school with a gold medal and of receiving a reward for his essay on “Servitude” when studying Roman Law at the University, and was therefore self-confident and self-satisfied in the highest degree (his success with the ladies also conducing to this) and his stupidity had become extraordinary.
他本性很蠢，而且不幸的是，他在学校以金牌毕业，并在大学学习罗马法时因写有关“奴役”主题的论文而受到奖励，因此他自信和自满程度之高（他与女性的成功也造成了这一点），他的蠢笨变得非同寻常。

When the word was given to him, he got up slowly, showing the whole of his graceful figure in his embroidered uniform. —
当轮到他发言时，他慢慢站起来，展示出他绣有花边制服的整个挺拔身材。 —

Putting his hand on the desk he looked round the room, slightly bowing his head, and, avoiding the eyes of the prisoners, began to read the speech he had prepared while the reports were being read.
他手放在桌子上，环顾四周，微微点头，避开囚犯的目光，然后开始朗读他在朗读报告的时候准备的演讲。

“Gentlemen of the jury! The business that now lies before you is, if I may so express myself, very characteristic.”
“陪审团的各位先生！现在摆在你们面前的业务是非常具有代表性的，如果我这样表达没有问题的话。”

The speech of a public prosecutor, according to his views, should always have a social importance, like the celebrated speeches made by the advocates who have become distinguished. —
据他看来，一名公诉人的讲话应该总是具有社会重要性，就像已成名的辩护律师所做的著名演讲一样。 —

True, the audience consisted of three women–a semptress, a cook, and Simeon’s sister–and a coachman; —
事实上，听众是三名女人–一位裁缝、一位厨师和西蒙的妹妹–还有一名车夫； —

but this did not matter. The celebrities had begun in the same way. —
但这并不重要。名人们也是以这种方式开始的。 —

To be always at the height of his position, i. —
始终处于他的地位的高度，即渗透到罪行的心理意义深处，并发现社会的创伤，是检察官的原则之一。 —

e., to penetrate into the depths of the psychological significance of crime and to discover the wounds of society, was one of the prosecutor’s principles.
“陪审团的各位先生，你们看到的犯罪，如果我这样表达没有问题的话，是我们这个世纪末非常典型的犯罪；

“You see before you, gentlemen of the jury, a crime characteristic, if I may so express myself, of the end of our century; —
具有某种程度上可以说是表现出本世纪结尾的特征的问题； —

bearing, so to say, the specific features of that very painful phenomenon, the corruption to which those elements of our present-day society, which are, so to say, particularly exposed to the burning rays of this process, are subject.”
无论如何，具有某种程度上可以说是特别受到这一过程灼烈光芒照射的我们当今社会元素所受之腐蚀的种种痕迹。”

The public prosecutor spoke at great length, trying not to forget any of the notions he had formed in his mind, and, on the other hand, never to hesitate, and let his speech flow on for an hour and a quarter without a break.
公诉人演讲了很长时间，努力不忘记他心中形成的任何概念，另一方面，从不犹豫，让他的演讲在一个小时和十五分钟里一口气流淌，没有间断。

Only once he stopped and for some time stood swallowing his saliva, but he soon mastered himself and made up for the interruption by heightened eloquence. —
只有一次他停下来，站在那里咽下口水，但很快他控制住自己，通过更加高涨的雄辩来弥补中断。 —

He spoke, now with a tender, insinuating accent, stepping from foot to foot and looking at the jury, now in quiet, business-like tones, glancing into his notebook, then with a loud, accusing voice, looking from the audience to the advocates. —
他说话时有时轻柔、暗示，一边踱步，一边看着陪审团，有时以安静、务实的语气，瞥一眼笔记本，然后以大声、指责的声音，从观众那里看向辩护律师。 —

But he avoided looking at the prisoners, who were all three fixedly gazing at him. —
但他避免看囚犯，三人都凝视着他。 —

Every new craze then in vogue among his set was alluded to in his speech; —
他演讲中提到了他那一批人里当时流行的每一股热潮； —

everything that then was, and some things that still are, considered to be the last words of scientific wisdom: —
当时认为的，以及一些至今仍视为科学智慧的事物； —

the laws of heredity and inborn criminality, evolution and the struggle for existence, hypnotism and hypnotic influence.
遗传律、先天罪责、进化和生存之争、催眠和催眠影响。

According to his definition, the merchant Smelkoff was of the genuine Russian type, and had perished in consequence of his generous, trusting nature, having fallen into the hands of deeply degraded individuals.
根据他的定义，商人斯梅尔科夫是地道的俄罗斯人，因其慷慨、信任的天性而丧生，落入了极其堕落的人手中。

Simeon Kartinkin was the atavistic production of serfdom, a stupefied, ignorant, unprincipled man, who had not even any religion. —
西蒙·卡尔廷金是农奴制度的再生产，一个麻木、无知、无原则的人，甚至没有任何宗教信仰。 —

Euphemia was his mistress, and a victim of heredity; —
尤菲米娅是他的情妇，也是遗传的受害者； —

all the signs of degeneration were noticeable in her. —
她身上所有堕落的迹象都很明显。 —

The chief wire-puller in this affair was Maslova, presenting the phenomenon of decadence in its lowest form. —
这个事件中的主要幕后操纵者是玛斯洛娃，展现出衰败的最低形式。 —

“This woman,” he said, looking at her, “has, as we have to-day heard from her mistress in this court, received an education; —
“这位妇女,“他看着她说， “正如我们今天从她的女主人在法庭上听到的，接受过教育； —

she cannot only read and write, but she knows French; —
她不仅能读写，还懂得法语； —

she is illegitimate, and probably carries in her the germs of criminality. —
她是私生子，很可能携带着犯罪的种子。 —

She was educated in an enlightened, noble family and might have lived by honest work, but she deserts her benefactress, gives herself up to a life of shame in which she is distinguished from her companions by her education, and chiefly, gentlemen of the jury, as you have heard from her mistress, by her power of acting on the visitors by means of that mysterious capacity lately investigated by science, especially by the school of Charcot, known by the name of hypnotic influence. —
她受过开明的贵族家庭的教育，本可以通过诚实的工作而生活，但她背叛了恩人，沦为淫荡生活，她与同伴们的区别在于教育，尤其是，各位陪审团大人，正如你们从她的女主人口中听到的，她能以那种神秘的能力影响访客，这种能力最近由科学，尤其是夏科学派调查研究，称之为催眠影响。” —

By these means she gets hold of this Russian, this kind-hearted Sadko, [Sadko, the hero of a legend] the rich guest, and uses his trust in order first to rob and then pitilessly to murder him.”
通过这些手段，她抓住了这位俄国人，这位善良的萨德科，这位富有的客人，利用他的信任，首先抢劫了他，然后无情地谋杀了他。

“Well, he is piling it on now, isn’t he?” —
“嗯，他现在说得太过了，是吧？” —

said the president with a smile, bending towards the serious member.
主席微笑着对那位认真的成员弯下腰说。

“A fearful blockhead!” said the serious member.
“一个可怕的蠢货！”那位认真的成员说。

Meanwhile the public prosecutor went on with his speech. —
与此同时，检察官继续发表他的讲话。 —

“Gentlemen of the jury,” gracefully swaying his body, “the fate of society is to a certain extent in your power. —
“陪审团各位先生，”他优雅地摇摆着身体说道，”在某种程度上社会的命运掌握在你们手中。 —

Your verdict will influence it. Grasp the full meaning of this crime, the danger that awaits society from those whom I may perhaps be permitted to call pathological individuals, such as Maslova. —
你们的裁决将影响它。明白这起罪行的全部意义，社会面临的危险，来自那些我也许可以称之为病态个体的人，比如马斯洛娃。 —

Guard it from infection; guard the innocent and strong elements of society from contagion or even destruction.”
保护它免受感染；保护社会中那些清白而坚强的要素不受传染甚至毁灭。”

And as if himself overcome by the significance of the expected verdict, the public prosecutor sank into his chair, highly delighted with his speech.
就像他自己被即将宣判的重要性所击倒一样，检察官高兴地坐回椅子里，对自己的演讲感到非常满意。

The sense of the speech, when divested of all its flowers of rhetoric, was that Maslova, having gained the merchant’s confidence, hypnotised him and went to his lodgings with his key meaning to take all the money herself, but having been caught in the act by Simeon and Euphemia had to share it with them. —
而演讲在去除所有修饰性花言巧语后的意义是，马斯洛娃获得了商人的信任，对他施以催眠，然后带着他的钥匙去他的住所打算自己拿走所有的钱，但是当她被西蒙和尤菲米娅抓住行窃时，不得不与他们分享。 —

Then, in order to hide the traces of the crime, she had returned to the lodgings with the merchant and there poisoned him.
然后，为了掩盖罪行的痕迹，她回到商人的住所中，并在那里毒害了他。

After the prosecutor had spoken, a middle-aged man in swallow-tail coat and low-cut waistcoat showing a large half-circle of starched white shirt, rose from the advocates’ bench and made a speech in defence of Kartinkin and Botchkova; —
在检察官讲话后，一位穿着燕尾服和低领背心，露出大半圆硬挺白衬衫的一个中年男子从辩护席上站起来，为卡尔廷金和博特楚科娃进行辩护； —

this was an advocate engaged by them for 300 roubles. —
这是他们为他们雇佣的一位辩护律师，收费是300卢布。 —

He acquitted them both and put all the blame on Maslova. —
他为两人辩护并把所有的责任推到了马斯洛娃身上。 —

He denied the truth of Maslova’s statements that Botchkova and Kartinkin were with her when she took the money, laying great stress on the point that her evidence could not be accepted, she being charged with poisoning. —
他否认了马斯洛娃陈述的博特楚科娃和卡尔廷金在她拿走钱时与她在一起的事实，非常强调不能接受她的证词，因为她被指控投毒。 —

“The 2,500 roubles,” the advocate said, “could have been easily earned by two honest people getting from three to five roubles per day in tips from the lodgers. —
“‘这2500卢布可以通过两个诚实的人从住客那里每天获得三到五卢布的小费轻松赚到，’辩护人说道。 —

The merchant’s money was stolen by Maslova and given away, or even lost, as she was not in a normal state.”
‘商人的钱被马斯洛娃偷走了，然后分给别人，甚至可能是丢了，因为她当时并不处于正常状态。’

The poisoning was committed by Maslova alone; —
投毒是马斯洛娃一个人干的； —

therefore he begged the jury to acquit Kartinkin and Botchkova of stealing the money; —
因此他恳请陪审团对卡尔廷金和波特楚科娃的盗窃行为予以无罪释放； —

or if they could not acquit them of the theft, at least to admit that it was done without any participation in the poisoning.
或者如果他们无法无罪释放他们，那么至少承认这起盗窃行为与毒害无关。

In conclusion the advocate remarked, with a thrust at the public prosecutor, that “the brilliant observations of that gentleman on heredity, while explaining scientific facts concerning heredity, were inapplicable in this case, as Botchkova was of unknown parentage.” —
最后，辩护人指出，公诉人对遗传因素的精彩评论虽然解释了有关遗传的科学事实，但在这种情况下并不适用，因为波特楚科娃的家世不明。 —

The public prosecutor put something down on paper with an angry look, and shrugged his shoulders in contemptuous surprise.
公诉人生气地在纸上写下一些东西，然后鄙夷地耸了耸肩。

Then Maslova’s advocate rose, and timidly and hesitatingly began his speech in her defence.
接着马斯洛娃的辩护人站起来，腼腆地、犹豫地开始为她辩护。

Without denying that she had taken part in the stealing of the money, he insisted on the fact that she had no intention of poisoning Smelkoff, but had given him the powder only to make him fall asleep. —
他并不否认她参与了偷钱的行为，但坚持她并没有意图毒害斯美尔科夫，而只是给他服用药以使他入睡。 —

He tried to go in for a little eloquence in giving a description of how Maslova was led into a life of debauchery by a man who had remained unpunished while she had to bear all the weight of her fall; —
在描述马斯洛娃是如何被一个未受惩罚的男人引入淫乱生活的时候，他试图进行一点雄辩； —

but this excursion into the domain of psychology was so unsuccessful that it made everybody feel uncomfortable. —
但他这次涉足心理学领域的冒险太不成功了，令所有人都感到不自在。 —

When he muttered something about men’s cruelty and women’s helplessness, the president tried to help him by asking him to keep closer to the facts of the case. —
当他嘀咕一些关于男人的残忍和女人的无助时，庭长试图通过要求他更紧密地围绕案件事实来帮助他。 —

When he had finished the public prosecutor got up to reply. —
辩护人讲完后，公诉人站起来回应。 —

He defended his position against the first advocate, saying that oven if Botchkova was of unknown parentage the truth of the doctrine of heredity was thereby in no way invalidated, since the laws of heredity were so far proved by science that we can not only deduce the crime from heredity, but heredity from the crime. —
针对第一个辩护人，他捍卫自己的立场，说即使波特楚科娃的家世不明，遗传学的真理也绝不因此而失效，因为遗传定律在科学上已得到证明，我们不仅可以从遗传中推断出犯罪，还可以从犯罪中推断出遗传。 —

As to the statement made in defence of Maslova, that she was the victim of an imaginary (he laid a particularly venomous stress on the word imaginary) betrayer, he could only say that from the evidence before them it was much more likely that she had played the part of temptress to many and many a victim who had fallen into her hands. —
至于马斯洛娃的辩护声明称她是一个虚构的（他特意用恶毒的语气强调了“虚构”这个词）受害者，他只能说，根据他们面前的证据，更有可能的是她曾诱使许多受害者落入她手中。” —

Having said this he sat down in triumph. —
说完这句话，他得意地坐了下来。 —

Then the prisoners were offered permission to speak in their own defence.
然后囚犯们被许可自辩。

Euphemia Botchkova repeated once more that she knew nothing about it and had taken part in nothing, and firmly laid the whole blame on Maslova. —
尤菲米娅·博切科娃再次重申自己对此一无所知，并且没有参与任何事情，坚决地把全部责任推到了玛斯洛娃身上。 —

Simeon Kartinkin only repeated several times: “It is your business, but I am innocent; it’s unjust.” —
西蒙·卡尔廷金只是一遍又一遍地重复说：“这是你们的事，但我是无辜的；这是不公正的。” —

Maslova said nothing in her defence. Told she might do so by the president, she only lifted her eyes to him, cast a look round the room like a hunted animal, and, dropping her head, began to cry, sobbing aloud.
玛斯洛娃没有为自己辩护。法庭主席告诉她可以这样做，她只是抬起眼睛看着他，环顾了一下房间，像被猎物一样，低下了头，开始放声痛哭。

“What is the matter?” the merchant asked Nekhludoff, hearing him utter a strange sound. —
“怎么了？”商人问尼赫卢多夫，听到他发出的奇怪声音。 —

This was the sound of weeping fiercely kept back. —
这是强忍的哭声。 —

Nekhludoff had not yet understood the significance of his present position, and attributed the sobs he could hardly keep back and the tears that filled his eyes to the weakness of his nerves. —
尼赫卢多夫还没有意识到自己目前的处境，他认为自己难以压抑的哭声和眼泪充满了眼眶，是因为神经虚弱。 —

He put on his pince-nez in order to hide the tears, then got out his handkerchief and began blowing his nose.
他戴上眼镜以掩饰眼泪，然后拿出手绢擤鼻子。

Fear of the disgrace that would befall him if every one in the court knew of his conduct stifled the inner working of his soul. —
对于如果法庭里的每个人都知道他的行为会遭受的耻辱的恐惧，压制了他内心的挣扎。 —

This fear was, during this first period, stronger than all else.
在这第一个阶段，这种恐惧比其他任何东西都要强烈。

——–