Who, hearing the foregoing discourse of Don Quixote, would not have set him down for a person of great good sense and greater rectitude of purpose? —
听了唐吉柯德上面的话，谁不会认为他是一个具有极大的理智和更大目的坚定性的人呢？ —

But, as has been frequently observed in the course of this great history, he only talked nonsense when he touched on chivalry, and in discussing all other subjects showed that he had a clear and unbiassed understanding; —
但正如这个伟大史诗中经常观察到的那样，他只有在谈论骑士精神时才说胡话，在讨论其他所有主题时都显示出清晰和不偏见的理解； —

so that at every turn his acts gave the lie to his intellect, and his intellect to his acts; —
因此，在每一个转折点上，他的行为都与他的智力相矛盾，他的智力也与他的行为相互矛盾； —

but in the case of these second counsels that he gave Sancho he showed himself to have a lively turn of humour, and displayed conspicuously his wisdom, and also his folly.
但是，在他给桑丘的这些第二条建议的情况下，他显示出了幽默的转折和显著展示了他的智慧，也展示了他的愚蠢；

Sancho listened to him with the deepest attention, and endeavoured to fix his counsels in his memory, like one who meant to follow them and by their means bring the full promise of his government to a happy issue. —
桑丘非常认真地听着他，并努力记住他的忠告，就像是打算跟从他们，并通过它们带来他的政府的充分承诺来取得一个幸福的结局。 —

Don Quixote, then, went on to say:
唐吉柯德继续说:

“With regard to the mode in which thou shouldst govern thy person and thy house, Sancho, the first charge I have to give thee is to be clean, and to cut thy nails, not letting them grow as some do, whose ignorance makes them fancy that long nails are an ornament to their hands, as if those excrescences they neglect to cut were nails, and not the talons of a lizard-catching kestrel — a filthy and unnatural abuse.
“关于你应该管好你自己和你家的方式，桑丘，我要给你的第一个指示就是保持清洁，修剪指甲，不要像一些人那样让指甲长大，他们的无知让他们认为长指甲是手的一种装饰，仿佛他们忽略修剪的这些突起是指甲，而不是蜥蜴捕鸟隼的爪子——一种肮脏而不自然的滥用。

“Go not ungirt and loose, Sancho; for disordered attire is a sign of an unstable mind, unless indeed the slovenliness and slackness is to he set down to craft, as was the common opinion in the case of Julius Caesar.
“桑丘，不要散漫松散，因为不整洁的服饰是一个不稳定心灵的迹象，除非这种邋遢和懒惰被视为狡猾，就像在朱利叶斯·恺撒的情况中普遍的看法一样。

“Ascertain cautiously what thy office may be worth; —
“谨慎地确定你的职责可能值多少; —

and if it will allow thee to give liveries to thy servants, give them respectable and serviceable, rather than showy and gay ones, and divide them between thy servants and the poor; —
如果可以让你的仆人穿礼服，给他们体面和实用的服装，不要给他们华丽和花哨的，把它们分给你的仆人和穷人; —

that is to say, if thou canst clothe six pages, clothe three and three poor men, and thus thou wilt have pages for heaven and pages for earth; —
也就是说，如果你能给六个侍从穿衣服，给三个侍从和三个穷人穿衣服，这样你将会有天堂的侍从和地球的侍从; —

the vainglorious never think of this new mode of giving liveries.
志在虚荣的人从未考虑过这种新的赐服方式。

“Eat not garlic nor onions, lest they find out thy boorish origin by the smell; —
“不要吃大蒜和洋葱，以免通过气味发现你们的粗野出身; —

walk slowly and speak deliberately, but not in such a way as to make it seem thou art listening to thyself, for all affectation is bad.
缓慢行走，谈话谨慎，但不要表现出是在倾听自己，因为所有的矫揉造作都是不好的。

“Dine sparingly and sup more sparingly still; —
“吃饭要适度，晚餐更要节制； —

for the health of the whole body is forged in the workshop of the stomach.
为整个身体的健康在胃的工作间里锻造。

“Be temperate in drinking, bearing in mind that wine in excess keeps neither secrets nor promises.
“饮酒要节制，记住，过量的酒不会保守秘密也不会遵守诺言。

“Take care, Sancho, not to chew on both sides, and not to eruct in anybody’s presence.”
“当心，桑丘，不要两边嚼食，也不要在别人面前打嗝。”

“Eruct!” said Sancho; “I don’t know what that means.”
“打嗝！”桑丘说，“我不知道那是什么意思。”

“To eruct, Sancho,” said Don Quixote, “means to belch, and that is one of the filthiest words in the Spanish language, though a very expressive one; —
“打嗝，桑丘，”堂吉诃德说，“意思是打嗝，那是西班牙语中最肮脏的词之一，尽管非常生动； —

and therefore nice folk have had recourse to the Latin, and instead of belch say eruct, and instead of belches say eructations; —
因此，有教养的人已经求助于拉丁语，用打嗝代替，用打嗝代替嗝，; —

and if some do not understand these terms it matters little, for custom will bring them into use in the course of time, so that they will be readily understood; —
如果有些人不明白这些术语，也没关系，因为在一段时间内习俗会使这些术语被使用，这样它们就会被轻而易举地理解；; —

this is the way a language is enriched; custom and the public are all-powerful there.”
这就是语言的丰富方式；习俗和公众在那里是无所不能的。”

“In truth, senor,” said Sancho, “one of the counsels and cautions I mean to bear in mind shall be this, not to belch, for I’m constantly doing it.”
“事实上，先生，”桑丘说，“我打嗝的一个忠告和警告将是，不要打嗝，因为我经常这么做。”

“Eruct, Sancho, not belch,” said Don Quixote.
“打嗝，桑丘，而不是嗝,”堂吉诃德说。

“Eruct, I shall say henceforth, and I swear not to forget it,” said Sancho.
“今后我会说打嗝，我发誓不会忘记，”桑丘说。

“Likewise, Sancho,” said Don Quixote, “thou must not mingle such a quantity of proverbs in thy discourse as thou dost; —
“同样的，桑丘，”堂吉诃德说，“你不应该在谈话中揉杂那么多谚语； —

for though proverbs are short maxims, thou dost drag them in so often by the head and shoulders that they savour more of nonsense than of maxims.”
虽然谚语是简短的箴言，但你总是硬生生将它们硬套进来，以至于它们更像荒谬而不是箴言。”

“God alone can cure that,” said Sancho; —
“只有上帝才能治愈这个，”桑丘说； —

“for I have more proverbs in me than a book, and when I speak they come so thick together into my mouth that they fall to fighting among themselves to get out; —
“因为我心里珠光宝气，谚语比书还多，当我说话时，它们从我口中如此密集地涌出来，以至于它们互相厮杀，想要脱颖而出；”. —

that’s why my tongue lets fly the first that come, though they may not be pat to the purpose. —
这就是为什么我的舌头会随口而出，尽管它们可能与话题无关。 —

But I’ll take care henceforward to use such as befit the dignity of my office; —
但我将从现在开始注意使用适合我职位尊严的谚语； —

for ‘in a house where there’s plenty, supper is soon cooked,’ and ‘he who binds does not wrangle,’ and ‘the bell-ringer’s in a safe berth,’ and ‘giving and keeping require brains.’”
因为“在丰裕的家庭里，晚餐很快做好”，“捆绑者不争吵”，“敲钟人是个安全的工作”，“给与保留都需要智慧。”

“That’s it, Sancho!” said Don Quixote; “pack, tack, string proverbs together; —
“就是这样，桑乔！”唐吉诃德说，“挑选，连贯，串联谚语； —

nobody is hindering thee! ‘My mother beats me, and I go on with my tricks. —
没有人阻止你！‘我妈妈打我，我照样调皮。 —

’ I am bidding thee avoid proverbs, and here in a second thou hast shot out a whole litany of them, which have as much to do with what we are talking about as ‘over the hills of Ubeda.’ Mind, Sancho, I do not say that a proverb aptly brought in is objectionable; —
’我告诉你避开谚语，但在瞬间你却发射出一大串谚语，和我们谈论的事情一点关系都没有，正如‘在乌贝达的山上’。注意，桑乔，我并不是说适当引用谚语有什么不妥； —

but to pile up and string together proverbs at random makes conversation dull and vulgar.
但是随意堆砌和串联谚语会让对话变得沉闷和庸俗。

“When thou ridest on horseback, do not go lolling with thy body on the back of the saddle, nor carry thy legs stiff or sticking out from the horse’s belly, nor yet sit so loosely that one would suppose thou wert on Dapple; —
“当你骑马时，不要用你的身体摇摆在马鞍的后面，也不要让腿僵硬或从马肚子上伸出，更不要坐得太松散以至于让人以为你在骑着达普尔； —

for the seat on a horse makes gentlemen of some and grooms of others.
因为坐姿决定了一些人变成绅士，而另一些人变成了马夫。

“Be moderate in thy sleep; for he who does not rise early does not get the benefit of the day; —
“睡觉要适度；因为不起得早的人得不到一天的好处； —

and remember, Sancho, diligence is the mother of good fortune, and indolence, its opposite, never yet attained the object of an honest ambition.
记住，桑乔，勤奋是好运的母亲，懒惰，它的对立面，从来没有实现过诚实的雄心目标。

“The last counsel I will give thee now, though it does not tend to bodily improvement, I would have thee carry carefully in thy memory, for I believe it will be no less useful to thee than those I have given thee already, and it is this — never engage in a dispute about families, at least in the way of comparing them one with another; —
“我现在要给你的最后建议，虽然不涉及身体的提高，但我希望你认真记住，因为我相信这将对你同前面给你的建议一样有用，那就是——永远不要参与关于家族的辩论，至少不要比较它们； —

for necessarily one of those compared will be better than the other, and thou wilt be hated by the one thou hast disparaged, and get nothing in any shape from the one thou hast exalted.
因为被比较的家族中必定有一个比另一个更好，你会被你贬低的那个憎恨，而从你赞扬的那个中得不到任何好处。

“Thy attire shall be hose of full length, a long jerkin, and a cloak a trifle longer; —
“你的服饰应该是满长的袜子，一件长外套，还有稍微长一点的披风； —

loose breeches by no means, for they are becoming neither for gentlemen nor for governors.
严禁松紧裤，因为它们既不适合绅士也不适合统治者。

“For the present, Sancho, this is all that has occurred to me to advise thee; —
“目前，桑丘，这是我给你的唯一建议； —

as time goes by and occasions arise my instructions shall follow, if thou take care to let me know how thou art circumstanced.”
随着时间的推移和情况的出现，我会跟着给你指示，只要你确保告诉我你的情况。”

“Senor,” said Sancho, “I see well enough that all these things your worship has said to me are good, holy, and profitable; —
“先生，”桑丘说，“我明白您给我的这些话都是好的、圣洁的、有益的； —

but what use will they be to me if I don’t remember one of them? —
但如果我一个都记不住，这对我有什么用呢？ —

To be sure that about not letting my nails grow, and marrying again if I have the chance, will not slip out of my head; —
当然我不会忘记剪指甲，如果有机会再结婚，这些话； —

but all that other hash, muddle, and jumble — I don’t and can’t recollect any more of it than of last year’s clouds; —
但那些绕口令、混乱和杂乱的内容——我既不理解也记不住，就像去年的云朵一样； —

so it must be given me in writing; for though I can’t either read or write, I’ll give it to my confessor, to drive it into me and remind me of it whenever it is necessary.”
所以给我写下来吧；虽然我看不懂也写不出来，我会交给我的告解神父，让他教导我，需要时提醒我。”

“Ah, sinner that I am!” said Don Quixote, “how bad it looks in governors not to know how to read or write; —
“啊，我这个罪人！”堂吉诃德说，“统治者不懂字不会写，看起来多糟糕啊； —

for let me tell thee, Sancho, when a man knows not how to read, or is left-handed, it argues one of two things; —
让我告诉你，桑丘，一个人不懂字或者是左撇子，这说明两件事之一； —

either that he was the son of exceedingly mean and lowly parents, or that he himself was so incorrigible and ill-conditioned that neither good company nor good teaching could make any impression on him. —
要么他出生在非常卑贱的家庭，要么他本身性情顽劣不善变，好人和好教导对他都无济于事。 —

It is a great defect that thou labourest under, and therefore I would have thee learn at any rate to sign thy name. —
这是你患有的一个很大的缺陷，所以我希望你至少学会写上你的名字。 —

” “I can sign my name well enough,” said Sancho, “for when I was steward of the brotherhood in my village I learned to make certain letters, like the marks on bales of goods, which they told me made out my name. —
” “我可以写我的名字，”桑丘说，“因为当我在村里担任兄弟会的管家时，我学会了写出组成我的名字的一些字母，像是货物包装上的标记。 —

Besides I can pretend my right hand is disabled and make some one else sign for me, for ‘there’s a remedy for everything except death; —
此外，我可以假装我的右手残疾，让别人帮我签名，因为‘除了死亡没有什么不能医治的； —

’ and as I shall be in command and hold the staff, I can do as I like; —
’而且当我是指挥官并举着权杖时，我可以为所欲为； —

moreover, ‘he who has the alcalde for his father — ,’ and I’ll be governor, and that’s higher than alcalde. —
此外，‘有权杖当父的人 — ’，而我将成为省长，这比市长还高。 —

Only come and see! Let them make light of me and abuse me; —
只管来看！让他们嘲笑我、辱骂我； —

‘they’ll come for wool and go back shorn;’ ‘whom God loves, his house is known to Him; —
‘他们要来剪羊毛，结果自己反而被剪；’ ‘上帝爱谁，他的房子是知道的； —

’ ‘the silly sayings of the rich pass for saws in the world; —
‘富人的愚蠢言论在世间也算名言； —

’ and as I’ll be rich, being a governor, and at the same time generous, as I mean to be, no fault will he seen in me. —
’而且我将会富有，作为一名州长，同时还要慷慨，正如我所打算的那样，这样就不会有人对我有怨言。 —

‘Only make yourself honey and the flies will suck you; —
‘只要你把自己变成蜜，苍蝇就会舔你； —

’ ‘as much as thou hast so much art thou worth,’ as my grandmother used to say; —
’ ‘你价值多少就值多少，’就像我奶奶说的那样； —

and ‘thou canst have no revenge of a man of substance.’”
‘你对一个有钱人无法报复。’”

“Oh, God’s curse upon thee, Sancho!” here exclaimed Don Quixote; —
“哦，天哪，桑丘，上帝的诅咒降临于你！”堂吉诃德在这里叫道； —

“sixty thousand devils fly away with thee and thy proverbs! —
“六万只恶魔带走你和你的谚语！ —

For the last hour thou hast been stringing them together and inflicting the pangs of torture on me with every one of them. —
过去这一个小时里你一直在说这些，用每一个都折磨我。 —

Those proverbs will bring thee to the gallows one day, I promise thee; —
这些谚语总有一天会害了你，我向你保证； —

thy subjects will take the government from thee, or there will be revolts among them. —
你的臣民会夺走你的统治，或者他们会起义。 —

Tell me, where dost thou pick them up, thou booby? How dost thou apply them, thou blockhead? —
告诉我，你从哪里学来的这些，你这个傻瓜？你怎么运用它们，你这个蠢货？ —

For with me, to utter one and make it apply properly, I have to sweat and labour as if I were digging.”
因为对我来说，要说出一个并正确应用它，我得象挖掘一样辛苦劳作。”

“By God, master mine,” said Sancho, “your worship is making a fuss about very little. —
“上帝啊，我的主人，”桑丘说，“您为一点小事大惊小怪了。” —

Why the devil should you be vexed if I make use of what is my own? —
为什么你要生我的气，如果我利用我自己的东西呢？ —

And I have got nothing else, nor any other stock in trade except proverbs and more proverbs; —
我没有别的了，也没有其他的经验，只有谚语和更多的谚语； —

and here are three just this instant come into my head, pat to the purpose and like pears in a basket; —
刚才有三个浮现在我的脑海里，正好与事情相吻合，像篮子里的梨一样； —

but I won’t repeat them, for ‘sage silence is called Sancho.’”
但我不会重复它们，因为“明智的沉默被称为桑乔。”

“That, Sancho, thou art not,” said Don Quixote; —
“桑乔，你不是这样的，”唐·吉诃德说； —

“for not only art thou not sage silence, but thou art pestilent prate and perversity; —
“因为你不只是聪明的沉默，而是恼人的唠叨和倔强； —

still I would like to know what three proverbs have just now come into thy memory, for I have been turning over mine own — and it is a good one — and none occurs to me.”
但我想知道你刚才想到的三句谚语是什么，因为我已经回想过我的——这是一个好的——但我脑中没有任何浮现。”

“What can be better,” said Sancho, “than ‘never put thy thumbs between two back teeth; —
“还有什么比‘永远不要把大拇指放在两颗后排的牙齿之间’更好呢？ —

’ and ‘to “get out of my house” and “what do you want with my wife?” there is no answer; —
“而且‘离开我家’和‘你想要我的妻子做什么？’没有答案； —

’ and ‘whether the pitcher hits the stove, or the stove the pitcher, it’s a bad business for the pitcher; —
“不管是水壶打到炉子上，还是炉子打到水壶上，对于水壶来说都是个坏事； —

’ all which fit to a hair? For no one should quarrel with his governor, or him in authority over him, because he will come off the worst, as he does who puts his finger between two back and if they are not back teeth it makes no difference, so long as they are teeth; —
这些都完美无缺吧？因为没有人应该和他的统治者，或者控制他的人争吵，因为他会吃亏，就像把手指放在两颗后排牙齿中的人那样，如果它们不是后排的牙齿也无所谓，只要它们是牙齿； —

and to whatever the governor may say there’s no answer, any more than to ‘get out of my house’ and ‘what do you want with my wife? —
任何人也不应该回答统治者说的话，就像‘离开我家’和‘你想要我的妻子做什么？ —

’ and then, as for that about the stone and the pitcher, a blind man could see that. —
对于那个关于石头和水壶的谚语，就连一个盲人也看得出来。 —

So that he ‘who sees the mote in another’s eye had need to see the beam in his own,’ that it be not said of himself, ‘the dead woman was frightened at the one with her throat cut; —
所以‘看到别人眼中的刺而不看到自己眼中的梁木的人，就像‘死去的女人被划破喉咙的那个人吓坏了一样； —

’ and your worship knows well that ‘the fool knows more in his own house than the wise man in another’s .’”
而您知道得很清楚‘愚人在自己家中也比在别人家中的智者更了解.’”

“Nay, Sancho,” said Don Quixote, “the fool knows nothing, either in his own house or in anybody else’s , for no wise structure of any sort can stand on a foundation of folly; —
“唔，桑丘，”堂吉诃德说，“傻瓜在自己家里或别人家里都不知道什么，因为任何明智的结构都不能建立在愚蠢的基础上； —

but let us say no more about it, Sancho, for if thou governest badly, thine will he the fault and mine the shame; —
但是桑丘，我们不要再谈这个了，如果你统治不好，那是你的错，而耻辱是我的； —

but I comfort myself with having done my duty in advising thee as earnestly and as wisely as I could; —
“但是我安慰自己，因为我尽职尽责地告诫你，尽我所能地聪明地告诉你； —

and thus I am released from my obligations and my promise. —
这样，我就不再有责任和承诺。 —

God guide thee, Sancho, and govern thee in thy government, and deliver me from the misgiving I have that thou wilt turn the whole island upside down, a thing I might easily prevent by explaining to the duke what thou art and telling him that all that fat little person of thine is nothing else but a sack full of proverbs and sauciness.”
愿上帝保佑你，桑丘，统治你的统治，并使我摆脱我对你会把整个岛屿搞得大乱的担忧，这是我很容易通过向公爵解释你是谁，告诉他你那身体短粗的外表下不过是一袋俗语和嚣张而已。”

“Senor,” said Sancho, “if your worship thinks I’m not fit for this government, I give it up on the spot; —
“先生，”桑丘说，“如果贵族认为我不适合当这个统治者，我立刻辞职； —

for the mere black of the nail of my soul is dearer to me than my whole body; —
因为我一心要比我的整个身体更珍贵； —

and I can live just as well, simple Sancho, on bread and onions, as governor, on partridges and capons; —
我能像一个司务员一样简单地生活，只吃面包和洋葱，好过当着统治者，享受鹧鸪和公鸡； —

and what’s more, while we’re asleep we’re all equal, great and small, rich and poor. —
而且，当我们睡觉时，无论是伟人还是小人，富人还是穷人，我们都一样平等。 —

But if your worship looks into it, you will see it was your worship alone that put me on to this business of governing; —
但是如果您深究起来，您会发现唯独您让我成为这个统治者； —

for I know no more about the government of islands than a buzzard; —
因为我对于岛屿的统治就像鹞鹰一样无知； —

and if there’s any reason to think that because of my being a governor the devil will get hold of me, I’d rather go Sancho to heaven than governor to hell.”
如果有人认为因为我成为了统治者恶魔会揪住我，我宁愿做桑丘上天堂，也不愿做统治者下地狱。”

“By God, Sancho,” said Don Quixote, “for those last words thou hast uttered alone, I consider thou deservest to be governor of a thousand islands. —
“天啊，桑丘，”堂吉诃德说，“光是你刚才说的那句话，我就觉得你配当一千个岛屿的统治者。 —

Thou hast good natural instincts, without which no knowledge is worth anything; —
你具有良好的天性本能，没有这些，任何知识都是没有价值的； —

commend thyself to God, and try not to swerve in the pursuit of thy main object; —
把自己托付给上帝，努力不要偏离你的主要目标；” —

I mean, always make it thy aim and fixed purpose to do right in all matters that come before thee, for heaven always helps good intentions; —
我的意思是，在所有事情上，永远要以做正确的事为目标和定力，因为天堂总是帮助善意的人； —

and now let us go to dinner, for I think my lord and lady are waiting for us.”
现在让我们去吃饭吧，我想我的主人和夫人正在等我们。