Levin was insufferably bored that evening with the ladies; —
莱文那天晚上对女人们感到无聊得受不了； —

he was stirred as he had never been before by the idea that the dissatisfaction he was feeling with his system of managing his land was not an exceptional case, but the general condition of things in Russia; —
他被一种想法激发起来，他以前对自己管理土地的方式感到不满不过是俄罗斯普遍情况的体现，而不是个例； —

that the organization of some relation of the laborers to the soil in which they would work, as with the peasant he had met half-way to the Sviazhskys’, was not a dream, but a problem which must be solved. —
他与半路上遇见的农民一同去斯维亚日斯基家时的那种劳工与土地的组织关系的设想并非遥不可及的梦想，而是一个必须解决的问题； —

And it seemed to him that the problem could be solved, and that he ought to try and solve it.
他觉得这个问题是可以解决的，而且他应该去尝试解决它；

After saying good-night to the ladies, and promising to stay the whole of the next day, so as to make an expedition on horseback with them to see an interesting ruin in the crown forest, Levin went, before going to bed, into his host’s study to get the books on the labor question that Sviazhsky had offered him. —
和女人们道了晚安，并答应第二天整天陪她们一起，骑马去王冠森林参观一座有趣的遗址后，莱文在睡觉前到了房东的书房里去拿斯维亚日斯基给他提供的有关劳工问题的书籍。 —

Sviazhsky’s study was a huge room, surrounded by bookcases and with two tables in it–one a massive writing table, standing in the middle of the room, and the other a round table, covered with recent numbers of reviews and journals in different languages, ranged like the rays of a star round the lamp. —
斯维亚兹基的书房是一个巨大的房间，四周都是书架，中间有两张桌子 - 一张是庞大的写字台，置于房间中央，另一张是一个圆桌，上面摆满了各种语言的最近出版的评论和期刊，像星星围绕着灯。 —

On the writing table was a stand of drawers marked with gold lettering, and full of papers of various sorts.
在写字台上有一个用金色字母标示的抽屉架，里面装满了各种文件。

Sviazhsky took out the books, and sat down in a rocking-chair.
斯维亚兹基把书拿出来，坐在摇椅上。

“What are you looking at there?” he said to Levin, who was standing at the round table looking through the reviews.
“你在看什么？”他对站在圆桌旁翻看评论的列文说。

“Oh, yes, there’s a very interesting article here,” said Sviazhsky of the review Levin was holding in his hand. —
“哦，是的，这里有一篇非常有趣的文章。”斯维亚兹基说着，指着列文手中的评论。 —

“It appears,” he went on, with eager interest, “that Friedrich was not, after all, the person chiefly responsible for the partition of Poland. It is proved…”
“它说…“他急切地继续说道，“弗里德里希实际上并不是波兰分区的主要责任人。这一点得到了证明…”

And with his characteristic clearness, he summed up those new, very important, and interesting revelations. —
并且他以他特有的清晰度总结了这些新的、非常重要和有趣的发现。 —

Although Levin was engrossed at the moment by his ideas about the problem of the land, he wondered, as he heard Sviazhsky: —
虽然莱文此刻纠结于自己对土地问题的思考，但当他听到斯维亚什斯基的话时，他不禁问道：“他内心怎么样？为什么他对波兰的分割感兴趣？” —

“What is there inside of him? And why, why is he interested in the partition of Poland?” —
斯维亚什斯基讲完后，莱文不禁问道：“那之后呢？” —

When Sviazhsky had finished, Levin could not help asking: “Well, and what then?” —
但是之后没有内容了。事实证明了某些事情，这本身就很有趣。 —

But there was nothing to follow. It was simply interesting that it had been proved to be so and so. —
但斯维亚什斯基没有解释，也没有必要解释为什么他觉得有趣。 —

But Sviazhsky did not explain, and saw no need to explain why it was interesting to him.
“是的，但你那个脾气暴躁的邻居真的很有趣。”莱文叹了口气说道。

“Yes, but I was very much interested by your irritable neighbor,” said Levin, sighing. —
“他是个聪明人，说了很多真理。”斯维亚什斯基说道。 —

“He’s a clever fellow, and said a lot that was true.”
“哦，你别说了！像他们所有人一样，在内心深处都是擁護农奴制度的积极支持者！”斯维亚什斯基说道。

“Oh, get along with you! An inveterate supporter of serfdom at heart, like all of them!” said Sviazhsky.
“虽然我是你们的领导，但我带领他们走向相反的方向。”斯维亚什斯基笑着说道。

“Whose marshal you are.”
“是的，只是我引领他们走向不同的方向。”斯维亚什斯基笑着说道。

“Yes, only I marshal them in the other direction,” said Sviazhsky, laughing.
“是的，但我引领他们走向相反的方向。”斯维亚什斯基笑着说道。

“I’ll tell you what interests me very much,” said Levin. “He’s right that our system, that’s to say of rational farming, doesn’t answer, that the only thing that answers is the money-lender system, like that meek-looking gentleman’s, or else the very simplest. —
“我告诉你我非常感兴趣的是，”列文说。“他是对的，我们的系统，也就是理性农业的系统，没有回答，唯一能回答的就是放贷人的系统，就像那个温文尔雅的先生，或者非常简单的系统。” —

… Whose fault is it?”
“那是谁的错？”

“Our own, of course. Besides, it’s not true that it doesn’t answer. It answers with Vassiltchikov.”
“当然是我们自己的错。此外，说它没有回答是不对的。它已通过瓦西尔奇科夫回答了。”

“A factory…”
“一个工厂…”

“But I really don’t know what it is you are surprised at. —
“但我真不知道你对什么感到惊讶。 —

The people are at such a low stage of rational and moral development, that it’s obvious they’re bound to oppose everything that’s strange to them. —
人民的理性和道德发展水平如此低下，显然他们会反对一切对他们来说陌生的事物。 —

In Europe, a rational system answers because the people are educated; —
在欧洲，一个理性的系统能够回答，因为人民受过教育； —

it follows that we must educate the people–that’s all.”
因此我们必须教育人民——就这样。”

“But how are we to educate the people?”
“但我们如何教育人民呢？”

“To educate the people three things are needed: schools, and schools, and schools.
“要教育人民，需要三件事：学校，学校和学校。”

“But you said yourself the people are at such a low stage of material development: —
“但你自己说了人民的物质发展水平很低： —

what help are schools for that?”
学校对此有什么帮助？”

“Do you know, you remind me of the story of the advice given to the sick man–You should try purgative medicine. —
“你知道吗，你让我想起了一个给病人的建议故事–你应该试试通便药。 —

Taken: worse. Try leeches. Tried them: worse. —
尝试过：更糟。试试放血。试过了：更糟。 —

Well, then, there’s nothing left but to pray to God. Tried it: worse. —
嗯，那么只剩下向上帝祈祷了。试过了：更糟。 —

That’s just how it is with us. I say political economy; —
这就是我们的处境。我说政治经济； —

you say–worse. I say socialism: worse. Education: worse.”
你说–更糟。我说社会主义：更糟。教育：更糟。

“But how do schools help matters?”
“可是学校怎么帮助问题呢？”

“They give the peasant fresh wants.”
“他们让农民产生新的需求。”

“Well, that’s a thing I’ve never understood,” Levin replied with heat. —
“嗯，这是一件我从来不理解的事情，”列宾生气地回答道。 —

“In what way are schools going to help the people to improve their material position? —
“学校如何帮助人们改善物质状况呢？ —

You say schools, education, will give them fresh wants. —
你说学校、教育会让他们产生新的需求。 —

So much the worse, since they won’t be capable of satisfying them. —
那会更糟，因为他们无法满足这些需求。 —

And in what way a knowledge of addition and subtraction and the catechism is going to improve their material condition, I never could make out. —
我无法理解学习加减法和教义对他们的物质状况有何改善。 —

The day before yesterday, I met a peasant woman in the evening with a little baby, and asked her where she was going. —
前天晚上，我遇到一个农妇带着一个小婴儿，问她要去哪里。 —

She said she was going to the wise woman; —
她说她要去找那位智者女性； —

her boy had screaming fits, so she was taking him to be doctored. —
她的孩子经常尖叫，所以她要带他去看医生。 —

I asked, ‘Why, how does the wise woman cure screaming fits?’ —
我问：“为什么，那位智者女性如何治愈尖叫呢？” —

‘She puts the child on the hen-roost and repeats some charm….’ “
“她把孩子放在鸡窝上，然后念几句咒语……”

“Well, you’re saying it yourself! What’s wanted to prevent her taking her child to the hen-roost to cure it of screaming fits is just. —
“嗯，你自己都说了！防止她将孩子带到鸡窝去治疗尖叫的方法是合理的。” 斯维亚茨基笑着说道。 —

..” Sviazhsky said, smiling good-humoredly.
“哦，不！” 列文恼怒地说：“我只是把那种治疗办法拿来作为用学校来治疗人们的比喻罢了。

“Oh, no!” said Levin with annoyance; “that method of doctoring I merely meant as a simile for doctoring the people with schools. —
人们贫穷无知——这一点我们跟农妇认为孩子是因为哭闹而生病一样明显。 —

The people are poor and ignorant–that we see as surely as the peasant woman sees the baby is ill because it screams. —
但是，究竟要通过学校来解决贫穷和无知的问题，就像鸡窝对尖叫的影响一样，是无法理解的。 —

But in what way this trouble of poverty and ignorance is to be cured by schools is as incomprehensible as how the hen-roost affects the screaming. —
需要治疗的是让他贫穷的原因。” —

What has to be cured is what makes him poor.”
“好吧，至少在这一点上，你和你那么讨厌的斯宾塞是一致的。”

“Well, in that, at least, you’re in agreement with Spencer, whom you dislike so much. —
—

He says, too, that education may be the consequence of greater prosperity and comfort, of more frequent washing, as he says, but not of being able to read and write…”
他说，同样，教育可能是更大繁荣和舒适的结果，更频繁的洗涤，正如他所说，而不是会读和会写的结果…

“Well, then, I’m very glad–or the contrary, very sorry, that I’m in agreement with Spencer; —
“那么，我非常高兴-或者相反，非常遗憾-我与斯宾塞意见一致； —

only I’ve known it a long while. Schools can do no good; —
只不过我早就知道这一点了。学校没有用； —

what will do good is an economic organization in which the people will become richer, will have more leisure–and then there will be schools.”
有用的是一个经济组织，人们将变得更富裕，有更多的闲暇-然后学校就会出现。

“Still, all over Europe now schools are obligatory.”
“然而，现在整个欧洲的学校都是义务性的。

“And how far do you agree with Spencer yourself about it?” asked Levin.
“那你自己对此又持何种意见？”列文问道。

But there was a gleam of alarm in Sviazhsky’s eyes, and he said smiling:
但是斯维亚兹斯基的眼中闪过一丝警惕，他微笑着说：

“No; that screaming story is positively capital! Did you really hear it yourself?”
“不，那个喊叫的故事太棒了！你真的亲眼见过吗？”

Levin saw that he was not to discover the connection between this man’s life and his thoughts. —
列文看出他无法发现这个人的生活与他的思想之间的联系。 —

Obviously he did not care in the least what his reasoning led him to; —
显然他一点也不在乎他的推理会导致什么； —

all he wanted was the process of reasoning. —
他只想要推理的过程。 —

And he did not like it when the process of reasoning brought him into a blind alley. —
当推理的过程导致他陷入困境时，他并不喜欢这样。 —

That was the only thing he disliked, and avoided by changing the conversation to something agreeable and amusing.
这是他唯一不喜欢的事情，他通过改变话题来谈一些愉快有趣的事情来避免这种情况。

All the impressions of the day, beginning with the impression made by the old peasant, which served, as it were, as the fundamental basis of all the conceptions and ideas of the day, threw Levin into violent excitement. —
这一天的所有印象，从老农民所给予的印象开始，就像是整个一天的构思和想法的基本基础，让列文陷入了剧烈的兴奋中。 —

This dear good Sviazhsky, keeping a stock of ideas simply for social purposes, and obviously having some other principles hidden from Levin, while with the crowd, whose name is legion, he guided public opinion by ideas he did not share; —
这个亲爱的好斯维亚克斯基，只是为了社交目的而储备了一些思想，而显然对列文隐藏了一些其他原则，而在他引导着名为军团的人群舆论时，他却没有分享他的想法； —

that irascible country gentleman, perfectly correct in the conclusions that he had been worried into by life, but wrong in his exasperation against a whole class, and that the best class in Russia; —
这个易怒的乡绅，在他被生活所困扰进而得出的结论上完全正确，但对一个整个阶级的激愤是错误的，而这个阶级却是俄罗斯最好的阶级。 —

his own dissatisfaction with the work he had been doing, and the vague hope of finding a remedy for all this–all was blended in a sense of inward turmoil, and anticipation of some solution near at hand.
他对自己所做的工作越来越不满，希望能找到解决办法的模糊希望，所有这些都融入了内心的动荡感和对即将找到解决办法的期待。

Left alone in the room assigned him, lying on a spring mattress that yielded unexpectedly at every movement of his arm or his leg, Levin did not fall asleep for a long while. —
独自一人呆在分配给他的房间里，躺在一个每次手臂或腿的移动都会出乎意料地弹起的弹簧床垫上，雷文很久都没有入睡。 —

Not one conversation with Sviazhsky, though he had said a great deal that was clever, had interested Levin; —
虽然斯维亚什斯基说了很多聪明的话，但与他的任何一次对话都没有引起雷文的兴趣。 —

but the conclusions of the irascible landowner required consideration. —
但是易怒的地主的结论需要考虑。 —

Levin could not help recalling every word he had said, and in imagination amending his own replies.
列文忍不住回想起他说过的每一个字，想象着修改他自己的回答。

“Yes, I ought to have said to him: You say that our husbandry does not answer because the peasant hates improvements, and that they must be forced on him by authority. —
“是的，我应该对他说：你说我们的农业不奏效是因为农民讨厌改进，必须通过权威来强制进行。 —

If no system of husbandry answered at all without these improvements, you would be quite right. —
如果没有这些改进，任何一种农业体系都无法奏效，你是完全正确的。 —

But the only system that does answer is where laborer is working in accordance with his habits, just as on the old peasant’s land half-way here. —
但是唯一奏效的体系是让劳动者按照他们的习惯工作，就像这里一半路程的旧农民们一样。 —

Your and our general dissatisfaction with the system shows that either we are to blame or the laborers. —
我们和你们对这个体系的普遍不满表明，要么是我们的错，要么是劳动者的错。 —

We have gone our way–the European way–a long while, without asking ourselves about the qualities of our labor force. —
我们走了我们自己的路——欧洲的路——很久了，而没有问过我们的劳动力的品质。 —

Let us try to look upon the labor force not as an abstract force, but as the Russian peasant with his instincts, and we shall arrange our system of culture in accordance with that. —
让我们尝试不把劳动力看作一个抽象的力量，而是把它看作是俄罗斯农民的本能，并且根据这一点来安排我们的文化体系。 —

Imagine, I ought to have said to him, that you have the same system as the old peasant has, that you have found means of making your laborers take an interest in the success of the work, and have found the happy mean in the way of improvements which they will admit, and you will, without exhausting the soil, get twice or three times the yield you got before. —
想象一下，我应该对他说，你拥有与老农民一样的系统，找到了使你的劳工对工作的成功感兴趣的方法，并且找到了工作改进的合适方式，这将让你在不耗尽土地的情况下，获得两到三倍的产量。 —

Divide it in halves, give half as the share of labor, the surplus left you will be greater, and the share of labor will be greater too. —
把它分成两半，将一半作为劳工的份额，剩下的盈余将更多，而劳动的份额也将更多。 —

And to do this one must lower the standard of husbandry and interest the laborers in its success. —
为了做到这一点，必须降低农业的标准，并使劳工对其成功感兴趣。 —

How to do this?–that’s a matter of detail; —
如何做到这一点？这是一个细节问题； —

but undoubtedly it can be done.”
但无疑是可以做到的。”

This idea threw Levin into a great excitement. —
这个想法让列文兴奋不已。 —

He did not sleep half the night, thinking over in detail the putting of his idea into practice. —
他整夜都没有睡，详细考虑着将他的想法付诸实践。 —

He had not intended to go away next day, but he now determined to go home early in the morning. —
他原本不打算第二天离开，但现在决定一大早回家。 —

Besides, the sister-in-law with her low-necked bodice aroused in him a feeling akin to shame and remorse for some utterly base action. —
另外，嫂子穿着低领的紧身衣引起了他一种类似羞愧和懊悔的感觉，好像他做了某些完全卑劣的行为。 —

Most important of all–he must get back without delay: —
最重要的是，他必须立即回去。 —

he would have to make haste to put his new project to the peasants before the sowing of the winter wheat, so that the sowing might be undertaken on a new basis. —
他必须赶快把他的新计划告诉农民们，在冬麦播种之前，让他们以新的方式进行播种。 —

He had made up his mind to revolutionize his whole system.
他已经下定决心要彻底改革他的整个体系。