Levin had on this visit to town seen a great deal of his old friend at the university, Professor Katavasov, whom he had not seen since his marriage. —
莱文在这次来城里的访问中见到了自己的好朋友，大学教授卡塔瓦索夫，自从结婚后就没有见过他。 —

He liked in Katavasov the clearness and simplicity of his conception of life. —
他喜欢卡塔瓦索夫对生活的清晰和简洁的概念。 —

Levin thought that the clearness of Katavasov’s conception of life was due to the poverty of his nature; —
莱文认为卡塔瓦索夫对生活的清晰概念是因为他的本质贫乏造成的。 —

Katavasov thought that the disconnectedness of Levin’s ideas was due to his lack of intellectual discipline; —
卡塔瓦索夫认为莱文思维的不连贯是因为他缺乏思维纪律。 —

but Levin enjoyed Katavasov’s clearness, and Katavasov enjoyed the abundance of Levin’s untrained ideas, and they liked to meet and to discuss.
但莱文喜欢卡塔瓦索夫的清晰度，卡塔瓦索夫喜欢莱文未经训练思想的丰富性，而且他们喜欢见面讨论。

Levin had read Katavasov some parts of his book, and he had liked them. —
莱文给卡塔瓦索夫读了他书中的一些部分，而卡塔瓦索夫喜欢它们。 —

On the previous day Katavasov had met Levin at a public lecture and told him that the celebrated Metrov, whose article Levin had so much liked, was in Moscow, that he had been much interested by what Katavasov had told him about Levin’s work, and that he was coming to see him tomorrow at eleven, and would be very glad to make Levin’s acquaintance.
在前一天，卡塔瓦索夫在公开讲座上与列温相遇，并告诉他，那位备受赞誉的梅特罗夫，列温非常喜欢他的文章，目前正在莫斯科，并对卡塔瓦索夫告诉他有关列温工作的事情非常感兴趣，明天上午十一点会去拜访列温，很高兴能和他见面。

“You’re positively a reformed character, I’m glad to see,” said Katavasov, meeting Levin in the little drawing room. —
“你真是个彻底改变了的人，我很高兴见到你”，卡塔瓦索夫在小客厅里见到了列温。 —

“I heard the bell and thought: Impossible that it can be he at the exact time!. —
“我听到铃声以为不可能是他到了这个确切时间！。 —

.. Well, what do you say to the Montenegrins now? —
“那么，你现在对蒙特内哥罗人有什么看法呢？ —

They’re a race of warriors.”
“他们是一群勇士的民族。”

“Why, what’s happened?” asked Levin.
“哎呀，怎么了？”列温问道。

Katavasov in a few words told him the last piece of news from the war, and going into his study, introduced Levin to a short, thick-set man of pleasant appearance. —
“卡塔瓦索夫用几句话告诉了他最新的战争消息，并带列温去他的书房，介绍了一个矮胖的，外表很愉快的人。 —

This was Metrov. The conversation touched for a brief space on politics and on how recent events were looked at in the higher spheres in Petersburg. —
这就是梅特罗夫。出于政治和近期事件在圣彼得堡的高层看法，他们谈论了一小段时间。 —

Metrov repeated a saying that had reached him through a most trustworthy source, reported as having been uttered on this subject by the Tsar and one of the ministers. —
Metrov重复了一句通过一个非常可靠的消息来源传达给他的话，据说这句话是沙皇和一位部长在这个问题上说的。 —

Katavasov had heard also on excellent authority that the Tsar had said something quite different. —
Katavasov也听说了一个非常可靠的消息，据说沙皇说了完全不同的话。 —

Levin tried to imagine circumstances in which both sayings might have been uttered, and the conversation on that topic dropped.
Levin试图想象出可能发生这两句话的情况，然后对这个话题的谈话中断了。

“Yes, here he’s written almost a book on the natural conditions of the laborer in relation to the land,” said Katavasov; —
“是的，他几乎写了一本关于劳动者与土地自然条件相关性的书，”Katavasov说。 —

“I’m not a specialist, but I, as a natural science man, was pleased at his not taking mankind as something outside biological laws; —
“我不是专家，但作为一位自然科学家，我很高兴他没有将人类视为生物学规律之外的东西； —

but, on the contrary, seeing his dependence on his surroundings, and in that dependence seeking the laws of his development.”
相反，他看到了他对周围环境的依赖，并在那种依赖中寻找他发展的规律。”

“That’s very interesting,” said Metrov.
“那很有趣，”Metrov说。

“What I began precisely was to write a book on agriculture; —
“我开始的正是写一本关于农业的书； —

but studying the chief instrument of agriculture, the laborer,” said Levin, reddening, “I could not help coming to quite unexpected results.”
“但是，研究农业的主要因素——劳动者，”列文说，脸红了，“我得出了一些完全意想不到的结论。”

And Levin began carefully, as it were, feeling his ground, to expound his views. —
于是，列文小心翼翼地摸索着，开始阐述他的观点。 —

He knew Metrov had written an article against the generally accepted theory of political economy, but to what extent he could reckon on his sympathy with his own new views he did not know and could not guess from the clever and serene face of the learned man.
他知道梅楚夫曾写过一篇文章批评社会通行的政治经济学理论，但他不知道，在他自己新观点上，他能够获得多大程度的同情与支持，也无法从这位学者聪明而宁静的脸上猜测出来。

“But in what do you see the special characteristics of the Russian laborer?” said Metrov; —
“但是你认为俄罗斯劳动者的特殊性体现在哪里？”梅楚夫问道； —

“in his biological characteristics, so to speak, or in the condition in which he is placed?”
“体现在他的生物特征上，可以这么说，还是体现在他所处的环境中？”

Levin saw that there was an idea underlying this question with which he did not agree. —
列文察觉到这个问题背后有一个他不同意的观点。 —

But he went on explaining his own idea that the Russian laborer has a quite special view of the land, different from that of other people; —
但他继续解释他自己的观点，即俄罗斯劳动者对土地有一种与其他人不同的特殊看法； —

and to support this proposition he made haste to add that in his opinion this attitude of the Russian peasant was due to the consciousness of his vocation to people vast unoccupied expanses in the East.
为了支持这个主张，他匆忙补充道，他认为俄罗斯农民的这种态度是由于他们意识到自己的天职是为东方的广阔未开垦的土地人民服务。

“One may easily be led into error in basing any conclusion on the general vocation of a people,” said Metrov, interrupting Levin. “The condition of the laborer will always depend on his relation to the land and to capital.”
“基于一个民族的整体职业来得出任何结论很容易陷入错误，”梅特洛夫打断了列文的话说。“劳动者的处境始终取决于他与土地和资本的关系。”

And without letting Levin finish explaining his idea, Metrov began expounding to him the special point of his own theory.
在列文解释完自己的想法之前，梅特洛夫就开始向他阐述自己理论的特殊观点。

In what the point of his theory lay, Levin did not understand, because he did not take the trouble to understand. —
因为他懒得去理解，所以他并没有理解梅特洛夫的理论观点究竟在哪里。 —

He saw that Metrov, like other people, in spite of his own article, in which he had attacked the current theory of political economy, looked at the position of the Russian peasant simply from the point of view of capital, wages, and rent. —
他看到梅特洛夫，就像其他人一样，尽管他自己在攻击当前的政治经济学理论的文章中，从资本、工资和租金的角度来看待俄罗斯农民的境况。 —

He would indeed have been obliged to admit that in the eastern–much the larger–part of Russia rent was as yet nil, that for nine-tenths of the eighty millions of the Russian peasants wages took the form simply of food provided for themselves, and that capital does not so far exist except in the form of the most primitive tools. —
他确实不得不承认，在俄罗斯东部（远较西部广阔）的很大一部分地区，租金至今仍为零，对于八千万俄罗斯农民中的九成，工资仅仅以食物的形式供给自己，而且资本迄今只存在于最原始的工具形式下。 —

Yet it was only from that point of view that he considered every laborer, though in many points he differed from the economists and had his own theory of the wage-fund, which he expounded to Levin.
然而，正是从这个观点上，他才认为每个劳动者都是一样的，尽管在很多方面他与经济学家存在分歧，并且拥有自己对工资基金的理论，他向列文进行了详细阐述。

Levin listened reluctantly, and at first made objections. —
列文不情愿地听着，并一开始就提出反对意见。 —

He would have liked to interrupt Metrov, to explain his own thought, which in his opinion would have rendered further exposition of Metrov’s theories superfluous. —
他本来想打断梅特洛夫，解释自己的想法，以他看来这样一来，进一步解释梅特洛夫的理论就显得多余了。 —

But later on, feeling convinced that they looked at the matter so differently, that they could never understand one another, he did not even oppose his statements, but simply listened. —
但后来他确信他们对问题的看法是如此不同，以至于彼此永远无法理解，于是他甚至不再反对对方的陈述，只是默默地倾听。 —

Although what Metrov was saying was by now utterly devoid of interest for him, he yet experienced a certain satisfaction in listening to him. —
尽管现在Metrov所说的已经对他毫无兴趣，但他仍然在倾听他时感到一种满足。 —

It flattered his vanity that such a learned man should explain his ideas to him so eagerly, with such intensity and confidence in Levin’s understanding of the subject, sometimes with a mere hint referring him to a whole aspect of the subject. —
他深受恭维，这样一位博学的人对他如此热情地解释思想，对列文对这个主题的理解如此自信，有时只是通过简单的暗示引导他理解整个主题的方面。 —

He put this down to his own credit, unaware that Metrov, who had already discussed his theory over and over again with all his intimate friends, talked of it with special eagerness to every new person, and in general was eager to talk to anyone of any subject that interested him, even if still obscure to himself.
他把这归功于自己，不知道Metrov已经与所有亲近的朋友一遍又一遍地讨论了他的理论，他对任何他感兴趣的主题都热衷地与每个新来的人交谈，即使对自己来说仍然模糊不清。

“We are late though,” said Katavasov, looking at his watch directly Metrov had finished his discourse.
“我们迟到了，” Metrov演讲完后，卡塔瓦索夫看了一眼手表说道。

“Yes, there’s a meeting of the Society of Amateurs today in commemoration of the jubilee of Svintitch,” said Katavasov in answer to Levin’s inquiry. —
“是的，协会今天有一个业余爱好者的会议，以纪念Svintitch的周年纪念，” 卡塔瓦索夫回答列文的询问。 —

“Pyotr Ivanovitch and I were going. I’ve promised to deliver an address on his labors in zoology. —
“Pyotr Ivanovitch和我要去。我答应要发表关于他在动物学方面的努力的演讲。” —

Come along with us, it’s very interesting.”
“一起来吧，非常有趣。”

“Yes, and indeed it’s time to start,” said Metrov. —
“是的，确实是时候出发了。”Metrov说道。 —

“Come with us, and from there, if you care to, come to my place. —
“跟我们一起去，如果你愿意的话，再过去我家一趟。 —

I should very much like to hear your work.”
“我非常想听你的工作。”

“Oh, no! It’s no good yet, it’s unfinished. But I shall be very glad to go to the meeting.”
“哦，不，它还不好，还没有完成。但我非常乐意去会议。”

“I say, friends, have you heard? He has handed in the separate report,” Katavasov called from the other room, where he was putting on his frock coat.
“听说了吗，朋友们？他已经交了单独的报告。”Katavasov从另一个房间里喊道，他正在穿上他的上装。

And a conversation sprang up upon the university question, which was a very important event that winter in Moscow. —
于是展开了一场关于大学问题的对话，这在莫斯科的那个冬天是件非常重要的事件。 —

Three old professors in the council had not accepted the opinion of the younger professors. —
理事会中的三位老教授没有接受年轻教授的观点。 —

The young ones had registered a separate resolution. —
年轻人们登记了一个独立的决议。 —

This, in the judgment of some people, was monstrous, in the judgment of others it was the simplest and most just thing to do, and the professors were split up into two parties.
在一些人的观点中，这是荒谬的，在另一些人的观点中，这是最简单和最公正的做法，教授们分成了两派。

One party, to which Katavasov belonged, saw in the opposite party a scoundrelly betrayal and treachery, while the opposite party saw in them childishness and lack of respect for the authorities. —
一方，其中包括卡塔瓦索夫，认为对方是卑鄙的背叛和叛变，而对方则认为他们幼稚且不尊重当局。 —

Levin, though he did not belong to the university, had several times already during his stay in Moscow heard and talked about this matter, and had his own opinion on the subject. —
尽管列文不属于大学，但在莫斯科期间，他已经多次听说并讨论了这个问题，并对此有自己的看法。 —

He took part in the conversation that was continued in the street, as they all three walked to the buildings of the old university.
他参与了在街上继续进行的对话，当他们三个人一起走向古老大学的建筑物时。

The meeting had already begun. Round the cloth-covered table, at which Katavasov and Metrov seated themselves, there were some half-dozen persons, and one of these was bending close over a manuscript, reading something aloud. —
会议已经开始了。在布满桌布的桌子周围，坐下的卡塔瓦索夫和梅特罗夫等几个人，其中一个人正低头阅读着一份手稿，大声朗读着。 —

Levin sat down in one of the empty chairs that were standing round the table, and in a whisper asked a student sitting near what was being read. —
列文坐在桌子旁边的一个空椅子上，低声询问坐在旁边的一名学生正在读什么。 —

The student, eyeing Levin with displeasure, said:
这名学生不悦地盯着列文说：

“Biography.”
“传记。”

Though Levin was not interested in the biography, he could not help listening, and learned some new and interesting facts about the life of the distinguished man of science.
尽管莱文对这位卓越的科学家的传记不感兴趣，但他还是无法抵挡听着并了解了一些关于他生活的新奇有趣的事实。

When the reader had finished, the chairman thanked him and read some verses of the poet Ment sent him on the jubilee, and said a few words by way of thanks to the poet. —
当读者读完，主席向他表示感谢，并朗读了一些诗人门德送给他庆贺的诗句，并对诗人表示了感谢之意。 —

Then Katavasov in his loud, ringing voice read his address on the scientific labors of the man whose jubilee was being kept.
然后，卡塔瓦索夫用他高亢激昂的声音，念出了他对这位举办庆贺活动的人在科学劳动方面的致辞。

When Katavasov had finished, Levin looked at his watch, saw it was past one, and thought that there would not be time before the concert to read Metrov his book, and indeed, he did not now care to do so. —
当卡塔瓦索夫讲完，莱文看了看手表，发现已经过了一点钟，他想在音乐会前没有时间给梅特洛夫读他的书，而且他现在也不再在意。 —

During the reading he had thought over their conversation. —
在听着的过程中，他思考着他们的谈话。 —

He saw distinctly now that though Metrov’s ideas might perhaps have value, his own ideas had a value too, and their ideas could only be made clear and lead to something if each worked separately in his chosen path, and that nothing would be gained by putting their ideas together. —
他现在清楚地看到，尽管Metrov的想法可能有价值，他自己的想法也有价值，而且只有如果每个人都按照自己选择的道路单独工作，他们的想法才能变得清晰并得到发展，将他们的想法结合在一起是没有收益的。 —

And having made up his mind to refuse Metrov’s invitation, Levin went up to him at the end of the meeting. —
决定拒绝Metrov的邀请后，列文在会议结束时走到他那里。 —

Metrov introduced Levin to the chairman, with whom he was talking of the political news. —
Metrov向主席介绍了列文，他正在谈论政治新闻。 —

Metrov told the chairman what he had already told Levin, and Levin made the same remarks on his news that he had already made that morning, but for the sake of variety he expressed also a new opinion which had only just struck him. —
Metrov告诉主席他已经告诉列文的事情，并且列文对他早晨已经提过的新闻发表了同样的评论，但为了增加变化，他还表达了一个刚刚想到的新观点。 —

After that the conversation turned again on the university question. —
之后，对话再次转向了大学问题。 —

As Levin had already heard it all, he made haste to tell Metrov that he was sorry he could not take advantage of his invitation, took leave, and drove to Lvov’s.
由于列文已经听过这些内容，他赶紧告诉Metrov他很抱歉不能接受他的邀请，告别后，驾车去了Lvov的地方。