The author relates several particulars of the Yahoos. The great virtues of the Houyhnhnms. —
作者叙述了雅虎的几个具体特点，以及侯赫音姆人的伟大优点。 —

The education and exercise of their youth. —
他们的青年人的教育和锻炼。 —

Their general assembly.
他们的常规会议。

As I ought to have understood human nature much better than I supposed it possible for my master to do, so it was easy to apply the character he gave of the Yahoos to myself and my countrymen; —
正如我本应该比我的主人更了解人性一样，所以很容易将他对雅虎的描述应用于我自己和我的同胞； —

and I believed I could yet make further discoveries, from my own observation. —
我相信我可以通过自己的观察，从中发现更多的东西。 —

I therefore often begged his honour to let me go among the herds of Yahoos in the neighbourhood; —
因此，我经常请求他的荣誉让我去邻近地区的雅虎群中； —

to which he always very graciously consented, being perfectly convinced that the hatred I bore these brutes would never suffer me to be corrupted by them; —
他总是非常慈祥地同意，完全相信我对这些畜生的憎恨永远不会使我沾染上他们的习性； —

and his honour ordered one of his servants, a strong sorrel nag, very honest and good-natured, to be my guard; —
他的荣誉命令他的一个仆人，一匹强壮的红褐色马匹，非常诚实和善良地作为我的警卫； —

without whose protection I durst not undertake such adventures. —
没有他的保护，我不敢冒险。 —

For I have already told the reader how much I was pestered by these odious animals, upon my first arrival; —
因为我已经告诉读者我在刚到达时受到这些可憎动物的骚扰， —

and I afterwards failed very narrowly, three or four times, of falling into their clutches, when I happened to stray at any distance without my hanger. —
之后我几次险些掉入他们的陷阱，只要离开我的短剑的距离稍远时。 —

And I have reason to believe they had some imagination that I was of their own species, which I often assisted myself by stripping up my sleeves, and showing my naked arms and breasts in their sight, when my protector was with me. —
我有理由相信他们对我有些想象，以为我是他们自己的种族，我经常在他们面前撩起袖子，露出赤裸的手臂和胸部，当我的保护者和我在一起时。 —

At which times they would approach as near as they durst, and imitate my actions after the manner of monkeys, but ever with great signs of hatred; —
那时他们会尽量接近，模仿我像猴子一样的动作，但总是带着强烈的仇恨的迹象。 —

as a tame jackdaw with cap and stockings is always persecuted by the wild ones, when he happens to be got among them.
就像一只带着帽子和袜子的驯服乌鸦，当它混进野生的乌鸦中时总是受到迫害。

They are prodigiously nimble from their infancy. —
从幼年时起，它们就非常灵活。 —

However, I once caught a young male of three years old, and endeavoured, by all marks of tenderness, to make it quiet; —
然而，我曾经捕捉到一只三岁的雄性，努力用所有的温柔使它安静下来。 —

but the little imp fell a squalling, and scratching, and biting with such violence, that I was forced to let it go; —
但这个小淘气一直大叫、抓挠、咬得非常厉害，我不得不放它走。 —

and it was high time, for a whole troop of old ones came about us at the noise, but finding the cub was safe (for away it ran), and my sorrel nag being by, they durst not venture near us. —
是时候了，一整群老物种围着我们聚集，但当它们发现幼崽安全无恙（因为它离得很远），而我的栗色马站在我身边，它们不敢靠近我们。 —

I observed the young animal’s flesh to smell very rank, and the stink was somewhat between a weasel and a fox, but much more disagreeable. —
我观察到这只幼崽的肉散发着非常刺鼻的气味，这种臭味介于鼬鼠和狐狸之间，但更加令人讨厌。 —

I forgot another circumstance (and perhaps I might have the reader’s pardon if it were wholly omitted), that while I held the odious vermin in my hands, it voided its filthy excrements of a yellow liquid substance all over my clothes; —
我忘了提到另一个情况（也许如果完全忽略它，读者可能会原谅我），就是当我抓住这只令人厌恶的小动物时，它在我的衣服上排出了一种黄色的液体粪便。 —

but by good fortune there was a small brook hard by, where I washed myself as clean as I could; —
但幸运的是，附近有一条小溪，我尽可能地把自己洗得干净。 —

although I durst not come into my master’s presence until I were sufficiently aired.
尽管如此，我不敢在气味散去之前见我的主人。

By what I could discover, the Yahoos appear to be the most unteachable of all animals: —
据我所发现，雅虎似乎是所有动物中最不易教的：它们的能力永远无法超越拖拉或搬运重物。 —

their capacity never reaching higher than to draw or carry burdens. —
它们的智力似乎只能达到这个水平。 —

Yet I am of opinion, this defect arises chiefly from a perverse, restive disposition; —
然而，我认为这个缺陷主要是由于一种倔强、难以控制的性格造成的； —

for they are cunning, malicious, treacherous, and revengeful. —
因为他们狡猾、恶意、背信弃义、报复心重。 —

They are strong and hardy, but of a cowardly spirit, and, by consequence, insolent, abject, and cruel. —
他们强壮而健壮，但却有胆小怯懦的精神，结果就变得傲慢、卑贱和残忍。 —

It is observed, that the red haired of both sexes are more libidinous and mischievous than the rest, whom yet they much exceed in strength and activity.
人们观察到，红发人（无论男女）比其他人更加淫荡和恶劣，尽管在力量和活动能力上他们远远超过其他人。

The Houyhnhnms keep the Yahoos for present use in huts not far from the house; —
Houyhnhnms把Yahoos关在离房子不远的小屋里供目前使用； —

but the rest are sent abroad to certain fields, where they dig up roots, eat several kinds of herbs, and search about for carrion, or sometimes catch weasels and luhimuhs (a sort of wild rat), which they greedily devour. —
但其他人则被送到外面的一些田野，那里他们会挖掘根茎，吃各种草药，并搜寻腐肉，或者有时追捕鼬和luhimuhs（一种野生老鼠），他们贪婪地吞食。 —

Nature has taught them to dig deep holes with their nails on the side of a rising ground, wherein they lie by themselves; —
大自然教会他们用指甲在地势上升的一侧挖深坑，他们就在那里独自休息； —

only the kennels of the females are larger, sufficient to hold two or three cubs.
只有母亲的窝比较大，足够容纳两到三只幼仔。

They swim from their infancy like frogs, and are able to continue long under water, where they often take fish, which the females carry home to their young. —
它们像青蛙一样从幼年时期开始游泳，并且能够在水下持续很长时间，经常捕捉鱼类，雌性会把鱼带回家给它们的幼仔。 —

And, upon this occasion, I hope the reader will pardon my relating an odd adventure.
在这个场合，我希望读者能原谅我讲一个奇怪的冒险故事。

Being one day abroad with my protector the sorrel nag, and the weather exceeding hot, I entreated him to let me bathe in a river that was near. —
有一天，我和我的保护者那匹栗色的老马在外面，天气异常炎热，我请求他让我在附近的一条河里洗个澡。 —

He consented, and I immediately stripped myself stark naked, and went down softly into the stream. —
他同意了，我立刻脱光衣服，悄悄地走进了河水里。 —

It happened that a young female Yahoo, standing behind a bank, saw the whole proceeding, and inflamed by desire, as the nag and I conjectured, came running with all speed, and leaped into the water, within five yards of the place where I bathed. —
不巧的是，一只年轻的雅虎站在河岸后面，看到了整个过程，被欲望燃烧着，如同那马和我猜测的那样，她飞快地跑过来，跳进了离我洗澡地方五码远的水里。 —

I was never in my life so terribly frightened. —
我从未在生活中如此害怕过。 —

The nag was grazing at some distance, not suspecting any harm. —
那匹马正在距离我一段距离的地方吃草，没有怀疑任何危险。 —

She embraced me after a most fulsome manner. —
她用一种极其恶心的方式拥抱了我。 —

I roared as loud as I could, and the nag came galloping towards me, whereupon she quitted her grasp, with the utmost reluctancy, and leaped upon the opposite bank, where she stood gazing and howling all the time I was putting on my clothes.
我尽力地咆哮，这匹固执的牝马朝我奔来，然后她勉强松开了抓着的东西，跳上了对岸，一直站在那里凝视着我，同时还在嚎叫，直到我穿好衣服。

This was a matter of diversion to my master and his family, as well as of mortification to myself. —
这让我的主人和他的家人感到非常有趣，而对我来说则是一种羞辱。 —

For now I could no longer deny that I was a real Yahoo in every limb and feature, since the females had a natural propensity to me, as one of their own species. —
现在，我再也不能否认自己在每一个部位和特征上都是一个真正的雅虎了，因为这些雌性雅虎对我有着与她们自己物种一样的自然倾向。 —

Neither was the hair of this brute of a red colour (which might have been some excuse for an appetite a little irregular), but black as a sloe, and her countenance did not make an appearance altogether so hideous as the rest of her kind; —
这只野兽的毛发并不是红色的（这或许可以对其有点不规矩的胃口有所解释），而是黑得像黑莓一样，她的面容也并不像她的同类那样丑陋； —

for I think she could not be above eleven years old.
因为我想她应该还不到十一岁。

Having lived three years in this country, the reader, I suppose, will expect that I should, like other travellers, give him some account of the manners and customs of its inhabitants, which it was indeed my principal study to learn.
作为一位居住在这个国家三年的读者，我想，你会期望我像其他游客一样给你一些关于居民的风俗习惯的介绍，而这确实是我最主要的学习内容。

As these noble Houyhnhnms are endowed by nature with a general disposition to all virtues, and have no conceptions or ideas of what is evil in a rational creature, so their grand maxim is, to cultivate reason, and to be wholly governed by it. —
由于这些高贵的胡因因赫姆人天生具有一种面向所有美德的普遍倾向，并且对于合理生物的邪恶没有任何概念或理念，因此他们的最重要信条就是培养理性，并完全受其支配。 —

Neither is reason among them a point problematical, as with us, where men can argue with plausibility on both sides of the question, but strikes you with immediate conviction; —
在他们那里，理性并不像我们那样成为一个令人怀疑的问题，我们在问题的两个方面都可以以有道理的方式进行争辩，而是会立刻使你信服； —

as it must needs do, where it is not mingled, obscured, or discoloured, by passion and interest. —
这是必然的，因为在那里，它不会被激情和利益所混淆、模糊或变色。 —

I remember it was with extreme difficulty that I could bring my master to understand the meaning of the word opinion, or how a point could be disputable; —
我记得我极其困难地使我的主人理解”观点”这个词的意思，或者一个观点如何可以引起争议； —

because reason taught us to affirm or deny only where we are certain; —
这是因为理性教导我们只在我们确定的地方肯定或否定。 —

and beyond our knowledge we cannot do either. —
除了我们已知的以外，我们无法做到两者。 —

So that controversies, wranglings, disputes, and positiveness, in false or dubious propositions, are evils unknown among the Houyhnhnms. —
因此，争议、纷争、争论和在错误或可疑命题中坚信不移，这些都是Houyhnhnm们所不知道的邪恶。 —

In the like manner, when I used to explain to him our several systems of natural philosophy, he would laugh, “that a creature pretending to reason, should value itself upon the knowledge of other people’s conjectures, and in things where that knowledge, if it were certain, could be of no use. —
类似地，当我向他解释我们的自然哲学体系时，他会笑话说，“一个自称理智的生物，竟然以了解他人的猜测为荣，而这些知识如果确定的话也毫无用处。 —

” Wherein he agreed entirely with the sentiments of Socrates, as Plato delivers them; —
他完全同意苏格拉底的观点，正如柏拉图所传达的那样； —

which I mention as the highest honour I can do that prince of philosophers. —
我之所以提及这一点，是因为这是对那位伟大的哲学家之最高敬意。 —

I have often since reflected, what destruction such doctrine would make in the libraries of Europe; —
从那时起，我经常反思，这样的学说会对欧洲的图书馆造成何种毁灭； —

and how many paths of fame would be then shut up in the learned world.
以及在学术界有多少条通往名望的道路将会被关闭。

Friendship and benevolence are the two principal virtues among the Houyhnhnms; —
友谊和仁爱是Houyhnhnm们之间的两个主要美德； —

and these not confined to particular objects, but universal to the whole race; —
并且这些美德不仅局限于特定对象，而是普遍适用于整个种族； —

for a stranger from the remotest part is equally treated with the nearest neighbour, and wherever he goes, looks upon himself as at home. —
对于来自偏远地区的陌生人，他们受到与最近的邻居相同的对待，并且无论他走到哪里，都将自己视为家人。 —

They preserve decency and civility in the highest degrees, but are altogether ignorant of ceremony. —
他们在最高程度上保持着得体和文明的行为，但却完全不懂礼仪。 —

They have no fondness for their colts or foals, but the care they take in educating them proceeds entirely from the dictates of reason. —
他们对自己的小马驹并没有特别的喜爱，但他们在教育它们方面的关心完全源于理性的指导。 —

And I observed my master to show the same affection to his neighbour’s issue, that he had for his own. —
我注意到我的主人对他邻居的后代表现出与对自己的后代一样的深情。 —

They will have it that nature teaches them to love the whole species, and it is reason only that makes a distinction of persons, where there is a superior degree of virtue.
他们声称是大自然教会他们爱整个物种，只有理性才会在有着更高程度的美德时区分个人。

When the matron Houyhnhnms have produced one of each sex, they no longer accompany with their consorts, except they lose one of their issue by some casualty, which very seldom happens; —
当巨大人马的母马产下一公一母两胎后，除非其中一只不幸遭遇意外而死，他们不再会与配偶交配，但这种情况非常少见。 —

but in such a case they meet again; or when the like accident befalls a person whose wife is past bearing, some other couple bestow on him one of their own colts, and then go together again until the mother is pregnant. —
但在这种情况下，它们会再次相遇；或者当一个人的妻子已经不能生育时，另一对夫妇会赠送他们其中一个小马，并且再次一起生育，直到母马怀孕。 —

This caution is necessary, to prevent the country from being overburdened with numbers. —
这种警告是必要的，以防止这个国家的人口过多。 —

But the race of inferior Houyhnhnms, bred up to be servants, is not so strictly limited upon this article: —
但是作为仆人的劣等侯赫恩姆族并没有在这个方面受到如此严格的限制： —

these are allowed to produce three of each sex, to be domestics in the noble families.
他们被允许生育三个男性和三个女性，以供贵族家族使用。

In their marriages, they are exactly careful to choose such colours as will not make any disagreeable mixture in the breed. —
在他们的婚姻中，他们非常注意选择那些不会在后代中产生任何不愉快混合的颜色。 —

Strength is chiefly valued in the male, and comeliness in the female; —
力量在雄性中被特别重视，而容貌在雌性中被重视； —

not upon the account of love, but to preserve the race from degenerating; —
不是因为爱而选择配偶，而是为了保持种族不退化； —

for where a female happens to excel in strength, a consort is chosen, with regard to comeliness.
因为如果一只雌性在力量上卓越，就会选择一个以容貌为依据的配偶。

Courtship, love, presents, jointures, settlements have no place in their thoughts, or terms whereby to express them in their language. —
求偶、爱情、礼物、嫁妆、财产分配在他们的思想中无法找到位置，也找不到适合用他们的语言表达的词汇。 —

The young couple meet, and are joined, merely because it is the determination of their parents and friends; —
年轻的情侣相遇并结合，纯粹是因为他们的父母和朋友的决定； —

it is what they see done every day, and they look upon it as one of the necessary actions of a reasonable being. —
这是他们每天所见到的事情，并且他们将其视为合理人类所必须的行为之一。 —

But the violation of marriage, or any other unchastity, was never heard of; —
但对于婚姻的破坏或其他不贞行为，他们从未听说过； —

and the married pair pass their lives with the same friendship and mutual benevolence, that they bear to all others of the same species who come in their way, without jealousy, fondness, quarrelling, or discontent.
并且已婚夫妇过着与他们遇见的其他同类一样友善和互利的生活，没有嫉妒、喜爱、争吵或不满。

In educating the youth of both sexes, their method is admirable, and highly deserves our imitation. —
在教育男女青年方面，他们的方法非常令人钦佩，值得我们效仿。 —

These are not suffered to taste a grain of oats, except upon certain days, till eighteen years old; —
直到他们十八岁之前，他们不准尝一粒燕麦； —

nor milk, but very rarely; and in summer they graze two hours in the morning, and as many in the evening, which their parents likewise observe; —
他们很少喝牛奶，仅偶尔；夏天他们早上放牧两个小时，晚上同样也是两个小时，他们的父母也是这样做的。 —

but the servants are not allowed above half that time, and a great part of their grass is brought home, which they eat at the most convenient hours, when they can be best spared from work.
但是仆人们不被允许放牧那么长时间，他们的一大部分草被运回家，吃的时候以最方便的时间为准，这个时间也是他们最少被工作需要占用的时间。

Temperance, industry, exercise, and cleanliness, are the lessons equally enjoined to the young ones of both sexes: —
温和、勤奋、锻炼和清洁是男女子弟子们同样要学习的功课。 —

and my master thought it monstrous in us, to give the females a different kind of education from the males, except in some articles of domestic management; —
我的主人认为我们给女性们提供与男性不同的教育是荒谬的，除了一些家政管理方面的事项。 —

whereby, as he truly observed, one half of our natives were good for nothing but bringing children into the world; —
他真实地观察到，我们本土居民中有一半是毫无用处的，只会生育孩子。 —

and to trust the care of our children to such useless animals, he said, was yet a greater instance of brutality.
他说把我们的孩子交给这些没用的动物照料是更大的野蛮的例证。

But the Houyhnhnms train up their youth to strength, speed, and hardiness, by exercising them in running races up and down steep hills, and over hard stony grounds; —
但是Houyhnhnms通过让他们在陡峭的山坡和坚硬的石地上进行赛跑，锻炼他们的青年马制造了体力、速度和耐力。 —

and when they are all in a sweat, they are ordered to leap over head and ears into a pond or river. —
当他们都出一身汗的时候，就被命令跳进池塘或河流中。 —

Four times a year the youth of a certain district meet to show their proficiency in running and leaping, and other feats of strength and agility; —
每年四次，某个地区的青年们聚集到一起展示他们在跑步、跳跃和其他力量和敏捷度上的能力。 —

where the victor is rewarded with a song in his or her praise. —
在这个节日中，获胜者会得到一首赞美的歌曲作为奖励。 —

On this festival, the servants drive a herd of Yahoos into the field, laden with hay, and oats, and milk, for a repast to the Houyhnhnms; —
在这个节日，仆人们会驱赶一群Yahoos带着干草、燕麦和牛奶进入田野，作为Houyhnhnms的盛宴。 —

after which, these brutes are immediately driven back again, for fear of being noisome to the assembly.
之后，这些畜生立即被赶回去，以免对会场造成困扰。

Every fourth year, at the vernal equinox, there is a representative council of the whole nation, which meets in a plain about twenty miles from our house, and continues about five or six days. —
每四年一次，在春分时节，整个国家的代表委员会会在离我们家约二十英里的平原上开会，会议持续五到六天。 —

Here they inquire into the state and condition of the several districts; —
在这里，他们调查了各个地区的状态和状况； —

whether they abound or be deficient in hay or oats, or cows, or Yahoos; —
无论是草还是燕麦，或者是牛，或者是雅虎，他们都询问是否充足或者短缺； —

and wherever there is any want (which is but seldom) it is immediately supplied by unanimous consent and contribution. —
而且，无论什么时候有需求（这种情况很少见），都会立即通过一致同意和贡献来满足需求； —

Here likewise the regulation of children is settled: —
在这里，孩子的教育也得到了规范； —

as for instance, if a Houyhnhnm has two males, he changes one of them with another that has two females; —
例如，如果一个豪因因有两只雄性，他会和另一个有两只雌性的豪因因交换； —

and when a child has been lost by any casualty, where the mother is past breeding, it is determined what family in the district shall breed another to supply the loss.
当一个孩子因意外事故而失去了，而母亲已经不能生育，就会决定这个地区的哪个家庭来生育另一个孩子，以填补失去的空缺。