《哈姆雷特》翻译版本很多,最广泛的是朱生豪版,译文质量为国内外莎士比亚研究者所公认。朱生豪(1912-1944)著名翻译家,在战火纷飞的年代翻译莎士比亚著作,译作意译成分更多,当时的目的是传播这些作品。

本版本为江老师英语工作室直译版(版权所有,未授权禁止传播),目的是英语学习。本版本标出了古语词,疑难词,对长难句划分了句子结构,高中水平学生即可顺畅阅读。莎士比亚是语言大师,其句子语法修辞繁杂,熟读其作品,是增强英语语感的绝佳捷径。

句子成分标记:主语谓语/谓语动词宾语/表语定语状语补语插入语/主谓句词组/短语
注:谓语在语法上包括谓语动词,宾语/表语,状语等内容,但状语位置灵活,标记时谓语仅包括谓语动词,宾语/表语。另简单句无需标记,长难句,倒装句会标记。

例:Teacher Zhang, last night I did the exercises completely in classroom.
解释:张老师:插入语,last night:时间状语,I:主语,did:谓语动词,the exercises:宾语,completely:状语,in classroom:地点状语

句子成分决定句子的含义,有时语句带有歧义,同一句话,有不同的划分方法,也造成不同的含义:
例: I see a boy with a telescope.
解释:我看见一个带着望远镜的男孩,with a telescope:男孩的定语

例: I see a boy with a telescope.
解释:我用望远镜看见一个男孩,with a telescope:谓语动词see的状语,用望远镜看

The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark
丹麦王子哈姆雷特的悲剧

Act I
第一场

Scene I. Elsinore. A platform before the castle.
第一幕。埃尔西诺尔(城堡)。城堡前的一个平台。

Francisco at his post. Enter to him Bernardo
弗朗西斯科在他的岗位上。贝纳多向他进来

Bernardo: Who’s there?
贝纳多: 那边是谁?

Francisco: Nay, answer me: stand, and unfold yourself.
弗朗西斯科: 不,回答我:站住,显示你的身份。

Bernardo: Long live the king!
贝纳多: 国王万岁!

Francisco: Bernardo?
弗朗西斯科: 贝纳多?

Bernardo: He.
贝纳多: 是我。

Francisco: You come most carefully upon your hour.
弗朗西斯科: 你很细心地在你的时间点到来。

Bernardo: ‘Tis(It is) now struck twelve; get thee(you) to bed, Francisco.
贝纳多: 现在刚刚敲过十二点;弗朗西斯科,你去睡吧。

Francisco: For this relief much thanks: ‘tis(it is) bitter cold,
弗朗西斯科: 因为这个替班非常感谢,真的很冷,

And I am sick at heart.
我感觉心里不舒服。

Bernardo: Have you had quiet guard?
贝纳多: 你有一个安静的值守吗?

Francisco: Not a mouse stirring.
弗朗西斯科: 一只老鼠都没有动静。
注:诗歌常省略助动词,应该是”is stirring”

Bernardo: Well, good night.
贝纳多: 那么,晚安。

If you do meet Horatio and Marcellus,
如果你遇见霍雷修和马塞勒斯,

The rivals of my watch, bid them make haste.
我的守夜对手(引申为伙伴),告诉他们快点。

Francisco: I think I hear them. Stand, ho! Who’s there?
弗朗西斯科: 我觉得我听到他们了。站住,那边是谁?

Enter Horatio and Marcellus
霍雷修和马塞勒斯进场

Horatio: Friends to this ground.
霍雷修: 友人来到这里。

Marcellus: And liegemen to the Dane.
马塞勒斯: 并向丹麦效忠。

Francisco: Give you good night.
弗朗西斯科: 祝你们晚安。

Marcellus: O, farewell, honest soldier:
马塞勒斯: 呐,再见,诚实的士兵:

Who hath(has) relieved you?
谁来接替你?

Francisco: Bernardo has my place.
弗朗西斯科: 贝纳多接替了我的位置。

Give you good night.
祝你晚安。

Exit
退出

Marcellus: Holla! Bernardo!
马塞勒斯: 喂,贝纳多!

Bernardo: Say,
贝纳多: 说吧,

What, is Horatio there?
霍雷修在那里吗?

Horatio: A piece of him.
霍雷修: (你看到了)他的一部分。

Bernardo: Welcome, Horatio: welcome, good Marcellus.
贝纳多: 欢迎你,霍雷修:欢迎你,好人马塞勒斯。

Marcellus: What, has this thing appear’d again to-night?
马塞勒斯: 那个东西今晚又出现了吗?

Bernardo: I have seen nothing.
贝纳多: 我什么也没看到。

Marcellus: Horatio says ‘tis(it is) but our fantasy,
马塞勒斯: 霍雷修说这只是我们的幻觉,

And will not let belief take hold of him
他不会让这个念头抓住他(即不相信)

Touching this dreaded sight, twice seen of us:
关于我们曾两次见到的这个可怕的景象:

Therefore I have entreated him along With us to watch the minutes of this night;
所以我请求他和我们一起在这个夜晚观察每一分钟;

That if again this apparition come,
如果这个幽灵再次出现,

He may approve our eyes and speak to it.
他可以证明我们的所见并和它交谈。

Horatio: Tush, tush, ‘twill(it will) not appear.
霍雷修: 唉,唉,它不会出现的。

Bernardo: Sit down awhile;
贝纳多: 坐下来休息一会;

And let us once again assail your ears,
让我们再一次抨击你的耳朵,

That are so fortified against our story
你的耳朵对我们的故事是多么的坚决反对,

What we have two nights seen.
我们在过去两个晚上所看到的事情。

Horatio: Well, sit we down,
霍雷修: 好,我们坐下来,

And let us hear Bernardo speak of this.
让我们听听贝纳多怎么说。

Bernardo: Last night of all,
贝纳多: 就在昨晚,

When yond same star that’s westward from the pole Had made his course to illume that part of heaven Where now it burns,
当那颗位于北极西方的同一颗星星,沿着它的航线,照亮了那部分的天空,它现在正在那儿燃烧,

yond:adj. 在远处的,在那边的

Marcellus and myself, The bell then beating one,–
马塞勒斯和我,时钟然后敲响一点-—

Enter Ghost
幽灵进入

Marcellus: Peace, break thee(you) off; look, where it comes again!
马塞勒斯: 安静,别说话;看,它又来了!

Bernardo: In the same figure, like the king that’s dead.
贝纳多: 同样的形状,像已经死去的国王。

Marcellus: Thou(you) art(are) a scholar; speak to it, Horatio.
马塞勒斯: 你是个学者;和它说话,霍雷修。

Bernardo: Looks it not like the king? mark it, Horatio.
贝纳多: 它看起来不像国王吗?看好了,霍雷修。

Horatio: Most like: it harrows(使苦恼) me with fear and wonder.
霍雷修: 非常相似:它用恐惧和惊奇让我苦恼。

Bernardo: It would be spoke to.
贝纳多: 它想要说话。

Marcellus: Question it, Horatio.
马塞勒斯: 问问它,霍雷修。

Horatio: What art(are) thou(you) that usurp’st this time of night,
霍雷修: 你是什么,侵占夜晚时间,

Together with that fair and warlike form
并且穿着那个很合适的用于战斗的制服

In which the majesty of buried Denmark Did sometimes march(齐步走)?
已埋葬的丹麦国王曾经穿着它行军过?

by heaven I charge thee(you), speak!
我发誓我要你说话!

Marcellus: It is offended.
马塞勒斯: 它生气了。

Bernardo: See, it stalks away!
贝纳多: 看,它正在走开!

Horatio: Stay! speak, speak! I charge thee(you), speak!
霍雷修: 等等!说话,说话!我要你说话!

Exit Ghost
幽灵出去

Marcellus: ‘Tis(It is) gone, and will not answer.
马塞勒斯: 它走了,不会回答。

Bernardo: How now, Horatio! you tremble and look pale:
贝纳多: 现在怎么样,霍雷修!你在颤抖,脸色苍白:

Is not this something more than fantasy?
这不仅仅是幻觉吧?

What think you on’t?
关于它你想到什么?

Horatio: Before my God, I might not this believe Without the sensible and true avouch Of mine own eyes.
霍雷修: 在上帝前(凭上帝起誓),没有我自己眼睛的合理而且真实的保证,我不会相信这事。

注:this believe,宾语前置,应该是:believe this。
Marcellus: Is it not like the king?
马塞勒斯: 它不像我们的国王吗?

Horatio: As thou(you) art(are) to thyself:
霍雷修: 正和你像你自己一样:

Such was the very armour he had on When he the ambitious Norway combated;
正是那副战铠,当他讨伐野心的挪威王时他穿着它;

注:the ambitious Norway,宾语前置了

So frown’d(皱眉) he once, when, in an angry parle(谈判), He smote the sledded Polacks on the ice.
(还有皱眉)在一次愤怒的谈判中,他曾经皱眉,当时他把那些乘雪橇的波兰人击溃在冰上。

‘Tis(It is) strange.
怪事怪事!

Marcellus: Thus twice before, and jump at this dead hour,
马塞勒斯: 就这样以前两次,在这死静的时刻

With martial stalk hath(has) he gone by our watch.
他以军事般的步伐走过我们的警戒区。

Horatio: In what particular thought to work I know not;
霍雷修: 我不知道以什么特别的想法在起作用;

注:本句宾语放在了主语前面

But in the gross and scope of my opinion,
但从我的观点的大体和领域来看,

This bodes some strange eruption(爆发) to our state.
这预示着我们的国家有一些奇怪的爆发。

Marcellus: Good now, sit down, and tell me, he that knows,
马塞勒斯: 好的,现在坐下,告诉我,认识情况的人,

Why this same strict and most observant(敏锐的) watch So nightly toils(苦干) the subject of the land,
为什么这同样严格和最敏锐的监视每晚都在这片土地上辛劳劳作,

And why such daily cast of brazen(黄铜制的) cannon,
为什么每天都要那样铸造黄铜大炮,

And foreign mart for implements of war;
并且在外国市场购买战需品;

Why such impress of shipwrights(造船工人), whose sore(痛苦的) task Does not divide the Sunday from the week;
为什么造船工人有如此印象,他们的痛苦任务让星期天不能从一周中区分出来;

What might be toward, that this sweaty haste Doth(Does) make the night joint-labourer with the day:
这种汗流浃背的匆忙让夜间与白天共同劳动,可能会带来什么:

Who is’t that can inform me?
谁是那个能告诉我(原因)的人呢?

Horatio: That can I;
霍雷修: 我能告诉你;

At least, the whisper goes so.
至少,传言是这么说的。


Our last king, Whose image even but now appear’d to us, Was, as you know, by Fortinbras of Norway, Thereto prick’d(刺痛) on by a most emulate(争强好胜的) pride, Dared to the combat;
我们的上一任国王,他的形象就在刚才向我们显现,如你所知,被挪威的福廷布拉斯,在那儿被极其争强好胜的骄傲激励(发出挑战),(国王)敢于投身战斗;

in which our valiant HamletFor so this side of our known world esteem’d himDid slay this Fortinbras;
在这场决斗中,我们的勇敢的哈姆雷特–因为我们这边的世界都这么认为他–杀死了这个福廷布拉斯;

who by a seal’d compact, Well ratified by law and heraldry, Did forfeit, with his life, all those his lands Which he stood seized of, to the conqueror:
(福廷布拉斯)通过一个密封的契约,由法律和传统认可,用他的生命,放弃了所有他所占有的土地,交给了征服者:

注:stood seized of,法律术语,占有

Against the which, a moiety(部分) competent Was gaged by our king; which had return’d To the inheritance of Fortinbras, Had he been vanquisher;
针对这个土地,我们的国王赌注了匹配的部分;如果他(福廷布拉斯)成为胜利者,这些财产就会返回到福廷布拉斯的继承人手中,

as, by the same covenant(契约), And carriage of the article design’d, His fell to Hamlet.
根据同样的契约,设计好的条款的执行,福廷布拉斯的(土地)归哈姆雷特所有。

Now, sir, young Fortinbras, Of unimproved mettle hot and full, Hath(Has) in the skirts of Norway here and there Shark’d up a list of lawless resolutes, For food and diet, to some enterprise That hath(has) a stomach in’t;
现在,先生,年轻的福廷布拉斯,(他的性格)热烈而未经磨练,已经在挪威的边境地区各处,招募了一批无法无天的流氓,为了食物和饮食,去参与某个有胃口的事业。

which is no otherAs it doth(does) well appear unto our stateBut to recover of us, by strong hand And terms compulsatory, those foresaid lands So by his father lost:
(这个事业)没有别的——这对我们的国家来说已经非常明显——只是想通过强硬的手段和强制性的条件,从我们手中夺回他父亲曾经失去的那些土地。

and this, I take it, Is the main motive of our preparations,
而这,我认为,是我们的准备工作的主要动机,

The source of this our watch and the chief head Of this post-haste and romage in the land.
也是我们这次守卫的来源,以及这片土地上最近的仓皇和混乱的主要原因。

Bernardo: I think it be no other but e’en(even) so:
伯纳多: 我认为除了这个别无他因:

Well may it sort that this portentous figure Comes armed through our watch; so like the king That was and is the question of these wars.
这也解释了这个不祥之物在我们守卫区全副武装进入,就像那个国王,过去和现在都是这些战争的问题所在。

portentous:不吉的

sort:符合,期望

Horatio: A mote it is to trouble the mind’s eye.
霍雷修: 它是扰乱我们心灵之眼的一点微尘。

In the most high and palmy state of Rome,
在罗马最光辉和繁荣的时期,

A little ere(before) the mightiest Julius fell,
在伟大的尤利乌斯(凯撒大帝)倒下的前一段时间,

The graves stood tenantless and the sheeted dead Did squeak and gibber in the Roman streets:
坟墓都是空的,裹着床单的死人在罗马街头尖叫和咕噜:

As stars with trains of fire and dews of blood, Disasters in the sun;
星星带着列车般的火焰,露水带血,太阳中的灾难

and the moist star Upon whose influence Neptune’s empire stands Was sick almost to doomsday with eclipse:
并且那颗湿润的星星,它的影响力支撑着海王星的帝国,因日食而几乎病到世界末日:

And even the like precurse(预兆) of fierce events,
甚至这些猛烈事件的类似预兆,

As harbingers(预兆) preceding still the fates And prologue to the omen coming on,
作为预示命运的预兆和即将发生的预兆的序幕,

注:omen,预兆,harbinger,预兆

Have heaven and earth together demonstrated Unto our climatures and countrymen.
天地一起展示给我们的气候和国人。

– But soft, behold! lo, where it comes again!
– 但是,安静,看,它又来了!

[Re-enter Ghost]
[再次出现幽灵]

I’ll cross it, though it blast me. Stay, illusion!
我要去抵挡它,尽管它可能会毁灭我。停下,幻影!

If thou(you) hast(have) any sound, or use of voice, Speak to me:
如果你有任何声音,或能发出声音,对我说话:

If there be any good thing to be done,
如果有任何好事可以做,

That may to thee(you) do ease and grace to me, Speak to me:
那可能会给你带来安慰,给我带来恩惠,向我说出:

[Cock crows]
[公鸡鸣叫]

If thou(you) art(are) privy to thy(your) country’s fate,
如果你知道你的国家的命运,

注:privy,私下知情的;私人的;秘密的

Which, happily, foreknowing may avoid, O, speak!
哪怕有朝一日,预知可能避免,哦,说出来!

foreknow:v.预知

Or if thou(you) hast(have) uphoarded(积攒) in thy(your) life Extorted(勒索敲诈的) treasure in the womb(子宫;孕育处) of earth,
或者如果你一生中积攒了勒索敲诈的宝藏在大地深处,

For which, they say, you spirits oft(often) walk in death,
对于这个,人们常说,你们这些鬼魂常常在死亡中行走,

Speak of it: stay, and speak! Stop it, Marcellus.
说出来:停下,说出!停止,马塞勒斯。

Marcellus: Shall I strike at it with my partisan?
马塞勒斯:我应该用我的长矛去刺它吗?

Horatio: Do, if it will not stand.
霍雷修:要是它不愿意站住就动手。

Bernardo: ‘Tis(It is) here!
贝恩纳多:它在这儿!

Horatio: ‘Tis(It is) here!
霍雷修:它在这儿!

Marcellus: ‘Tis(It is) gone!
马塞勒斯:它消失了!

Exit Ghost
幽灵退场

We do it wrong, being so majestical, To offer it the show of violence;
它(鬼魂)是如此的尊贵,我们错误的对待它了,给了它这种暴力的表像;

For it is, as the air, invulnerable,
因为它像空气一样,是无法伤害的,

And our vain blows malicious mockery(嘲弄).

我们的徒劳的打击(仅是)恶意的嘲弄。

注:此句话缺动词

Bernardo: It was about to speak, when the cock crew.
贝纳多:它正要说话,鸡就叫了。

Horatio: And then it started(跳动) like a guilty thing Upon a fearful summons. I have heard,
霍雷修:然后它就像一个有罪的生物在可怕的召唤之下跳动。我曾听说,

The cock, that is the trumpet(喇叭手) to the morn(黎明),

宣告晨曦到来的公鸡,

Doth(Does) with his lofty and shrill-sounding throat Awake the god of day; and, at his warning,
用其高亢而尖锐的喉咙唤醒黎明的神;在他的警告下,

Whether in sea or fire, in earth or air,
无论是在海洋里还是火焰里,在地球上还是空气中,

The extravagant and erring spirit hies To his confine: and of the truth herein This present object made probation.
那种放肆而迷途的精神都赶往他的界限:而关于在此之中的真理,这个当前的物体做了验证。

注:of = about
Marcellus: It faded on the crowing of the cock.
马塞勒斯:它在公鸡报晓时消失了。

Some say that ever ‘gainst(against) that season comes Wherein our Saviour’s birth is celebrated, The bird of dawning singeth all night long:
有人说,每当我们庆祝救世主诞生的季节来临时,黎明的鸟整夜歌唱:

And then, they say, no spirit dares stir abroad;
然后,他们说,没有任何精灵敢于在外扰乱;

The nights are wholesome; then no planets strike,
夜晚是平安的;然后没有星球冲击,

No fairy takes, nor witch hath(has) power to charm,
没有仙女施法,也没有巫婆有力量施魔法,

So hallow’d and so gracious is the time.
那个时刻是如此神圣,如此宽宏大量。

Horatio: So have I heard and do in part believe it.
霍雷修:我曾听说过,并有几分相信它。

But, look, the morn, in russet mantle clad,
但是,看,早晨,身披锈色斗篷,

Walks o’er(over) the dew of yon(that) high eastward hill:
踏着那东边的高山上的晨露漫步:

Break we our watch up; and by my advice,
让我们结束守望;并依我之建议,

Let us impart what we have seen to-night Unto young Hamlet;
让我们把今夜我们所见的告诉年轻的哈姆雷特;

for, upon my life, This spirit, dumb to us, will speak to him.
按我个人,这个对我们沉默的灵魂,会对他说话的。

Do you consent we shall acquaint him with it,
你同意我们应该把这件事告诉他,

As needful in our loves, fitting our duty?
因为对于我们的热爱这是必要的,(也)符合我们的责任吗?

Marcellus: Let’s do’t, I pray; and I this morning know Where we shall find him most conveniently.
马塞勒斯:让我们这样做,我祈祷;而且我今早知道在哪里我们可以最方便地找到他。

Exeunt
退场