xiàng jǐ xuān zhì
项 脊 轩 志
Xiangji Pavilion

míng guī yǒu guāng
(明) 归 有 光
(Ming) Gui Youguang

xiàng jǐ xuān jiù nán gé zǐ yě
项 脊 轩 , 旧 南 阁 子 也 。
Xiangji Pavilion is an old southern pavilion.

shì jǐn fāng zhàng kě róng yī rén jū
室 仅 方 丈 , 可 容 一 人 居 。
The room is only a square zhang in size, enough to accommodate one person to live in.

bǎi nián lǎo wū chén ní shèn lù yǔ zé xià zhù
百 年 老 屋 , 尘 泥 渗 漉 , 雨 泽 下 注 ;
It is a hundred-year-old house, with seeping dust and mud, and rainwater pouring down.

měi yí àn gù shì wú kě zhì zhě
每 移 案 , 顾 视 , 无 可 置 者 。
Every time I move the case, look around, there is nothing to place.

yòu běi xiàng bù néng dé rì rì guò wǔ yǐ hūn
又 北 向 , 不 能 得 日 , 日 过 午 已 昏 。
Also, facing north, it cannot get sunlight; it becomes dim after noon.

yú shāo wéi xiū qì shǐ bù shàng lòu
余 稍 为 修 葺 , 使 不 上 漏 。
I slightly repaired it, so it wouldn’t leak from above.

qián pì sì chuāng yuán qiáng zhōu tíng yǐ dāng nán rì
前 辟 四 窗 , 垣 墙 周 庭 , 以 当 南 日 ,
In front, I opened four windows, surrounded by walls and courtyard, to face the southern sun.

rì yǐng fǎn zhào shì shǐ dòng rán
日 影 反 照 , 室 始 洞 然 。
The sunlight reflected, and the room began to be bright and clear.

yòu zá zhí lán guì zhú mù yú tíng jiù shí lán shǔn yì suì zēng shèng
又 杂 植 兰 桂 竹 木 于 庭 , 旧 时 栏 楯 , 亦 遂 增 胜 。
I also planted a variety of orchids, osmanthus, and bamboo in the courtyard; the old railings and fences were thus enhanced.

jiè shū mǎn jià yǎn yǎng xiào gē míng rán wù zuò wàn lài yǒu shēng
借 书 满 架 , 偃 仰 啸 歌 , 冥 然 兀 坐 , 万 籁 有 声 ;
Books filled the shelves; I would recline, sing, and howl, sitting in meditation, with all sounds of nature; yet the courtyard was quiet.

ér tíng jiē jì jì xiǎo niǎo shí lái zhuó shí rén zhì bù qù
而 庭 堦 寂 寂 , 小 鸟 时 来 啄 食 , 人 至 不 去 。
Small birds would occasionally come to peck at the food, and they would not leave when people approached.

sān wǔ zhī yè míng yuè bàn qiáng
三 五 之 夜 , 明 月 半 墙 ,
On the nights of the third and fifth days, the bright moon shines on half the wall.

guì yǐng bān bó fēng yí yǐng dòng shān shān kě ài
桂 影 斑 驳 , 风 移 影 动 , 珊 珊 可 爱 。
The shadows of the osmanthus are mottled, and as the wind moves, the shadows dance; it is charming and lovely.

rán yú jū yú cǐ duō kě xǐ yì duō kě bēi
然 余 居 于 此 , 多 可 喜 , 亦 多 可 悲 。
However, living here, there is much to be delighted and saddened.

xiān shì tíng zhōng tōng nán běi wéi yī
先 是 庭 中 通 南 北 为 一 。
Previously, the courtyard connected north and south as one.

dài zhū fù yì cuàn nèi wài duō zhì xiǎo mén qiáng wǎng wǎng ér shì
迨 诸 父 异 爨 , 内 外 多 置 小 门 , 墙 往 往 而 是 。
When the elders started cooking separately, many small doors were placed inside and outside, and the walls were often like this.

dōng quǎn xī fèi kè yú páo ér yàn jī qī yú tīng
东 犬 西 吠 , 客 逾 庖 而 宴 , 鸡 栖 于 厅 。
Dogs barked from the east and west, guests crossed the kitchen to have banquets, and chickens roosted in the hall.

tíng zhōng shǐ wéi lí yǐ wéi qiáng fán zài biàn yǐ
庭 中 始 为 篱 , 已 为 墙 , 凡 再 变 矣 。
The courtyard initially had a fence, then it became a wall; it has changed twice.

jiā yǒu lǎo yù cháng jū yú cǐ
家 有 老 妪 , 尝 居 于 此 。
There was an old woman living here.

yù xiān dà mǔ bì yě rǔ èr shì xiān bǐ fǔ zhī shèn hòu
妪 , 先 大 母 婢 也 , 乳 二 世 , 先 妣 抚 之 甚 厚 。
The woman was a maidservant of my great-grandmother, who nursed two generations; my late mother treated her kindly.

shì xī lián yú zhōng guī xiān bǐ cháng yī zhì
室 西 连 于 中 闺 , 先 妣 尝 一 至 。
The room’s west side was connected to the central chamber, where my late mother had once visited.

yù měi wèi yú yuē mǒu suǒ ér mǔ lì yú zī
妪 每 谓 余 曰 :” 某 所 , 而 母 立 于 兹 。”
The old woman often said to me, “This place, your mother stood here.”

yù yòu yuē rǔ zǐ zài wú huái gū gū ér qì
妪 又 曰 :” 汝 姊 在 吾 怀 , 呱 呱 而 泣 ;
The woman also said, “Your sister was in my arms, crying loudly.”

niáng yǐ zhǐ kòu mén fēi yuē ér hán hū yù shí hū
娘 以 指 叩 门 扉 曰 : ‘ 儿 寒 乎 ? 欲 食 乎 ? ’
“Daughter knocks on the door and asks, ‘Are you cold, my child? Do you want to eat?’

wú cóng bǎn wài xiāng wéi yìng dá yǔ wèi bì yú qì yù yì qì
吾 从 板 外 相 为 应 答 。” 语 未 毕 , 余 泣 , 妪 亦 泣 。
I respond from outside the wooden partition.” Before she finished speaking, I cried, and so did she.

yú zì shù fà dú shū xuān zhōng yī rì dà mǔ guò yú yuē
余 自 束 发 , 读 书 轩 中 , 一 日 , 大 母 过 余 曰 :”
Ever since I tied my hair up, I have been reading in the study. One day, my grandmother passed by me and said,

wú ér jiǔ bù jiàn ruò yǐng hé jìng rì mò mò zài cǐ dà lèi nǚ láng yě
吾 儿 , 久 不 见 若 影 , 何 竟 日 默 默 在 此 , 大 类 女 郎 也 ?”
“My child, I haven’t seen you for a long time. Why are you always silent here, just like a young lady?”

bǐ qù yǐ shǒu hé mén zì yǔ yuē
比 去 , 以 手 阖 门 , 自 语 曰 :”
After she left, she closed the door with her hand and muttered to herself,

wú jiā dú shū jiǔ bù xiào ér zhī chéng zé kě dài hū
吾 家 读 书 久 不 效 , 儿 之 成 , 则 可 待 乎 !”
“It has been a long time since our family has seen any success from studying. Can I expect success from you?”

qǐng zhī chí yī xiàng hù zhì
顷 之 , 持 一 象 笏 至 ,
In a moment, she brought an ivory tablet,

yuē cǐ wú zǔ tài cháng gōng xuān dé jiān zhí cǐ yǐ cháo
曰 :” 此 吾 祖 太 常 公 宣 德 间 执 此 以 朝 ,
Saying, “This is what my grandfather, the Minister of Rites, used to hold in court during the Xuande era.

tā rì rǔ dāng yòng zhī
他 日 汝 当 用 之 !”
One day, you shall use it as well!”

zhān gù yí jì rú zài zuó rì lìng rén cháng háo bù zì jìn
瞻 顾 遗 迹 , 如 在 昨 日 , 令 人 长 号 不 自 禁 。
Looking back at the traces of the past, it feels like yesterday, making one unable to hold back tears.

xuān dōng gù cháng wéi chú rén wǎng cóng xuān qián guò
轩 东 , 故 尝 为 厨 , 人 往 , 从 轩 前 过 。
Xuan Dong once served as a kitchen, where people would pass by in front of the pavilion.

yú jiōng yǒu ér jū jiǔ zhī néng yǐ zú yīn biàn rén
余 扃 牖 而 居 , 久 之 , 能 以 足 音 辨 人 。
I lived behind closed doors and windows for a long time, and eventually, I could recognize people by their footsteps.

xuān fán sì zāo huǒ dé bù fén dài yǒu shén hù zhě
轩 凡 四 遭 火 , 得 不 焚 , 殆 有 神 护 者 。
The pavilion had experienced four fires but was not burned down; perhaps it was protected by divine forces.

xiàng jǐ shēng yuē shǔ qīng shǒu dān xué lì jiǎ tiān xià
项 脊 生 曰 :“ 蜀 清 守 丹 穴 , 利 甲 天 下 ,
Xiang Jisheng said: “Shu Qing guarded the Dan cave, with the best armor in the world.

qí hòu qín huáng dì zhù nǚ huái qīng tái
其 后 秦 皇 帝 筑 女 怀 清 台 ;
Later, Emperor Qin Shi Huang built the Nu Huaining Tai;

liú xuán dé yǔ cáo cāo zhēng tiān xià zhū gě kǒng míng qǐ lǒng zhōng
刘 玄 德 与 曹 操 争 天 下 , 诸 葛 孔 明 起 陇 中 。
Liu Xuande and Cao Cao fought for the world, while Zhuge Kongming rose from the Longzhong area.

fāng èr rén zhī mèi mèi yú yī yú yě shì hé zú yǐ zhī zhī
方 二 人 之 昧 昧 于 一 隅 也 , 世 何 足 以 知 之 ,
When these two great men were still obscure in a corner, how could the world know about them?

yú qū qū chǔ bài wū zhōng fāng yáng méi shùn mù wèi yǒu qí jǐng
余 区 区 处 败 屋 中 , 方 扬 眉 、 瞬 目 , 谓 有 奇 景 。
I, living in a humble, ruined house, would raise my eyebrows and blink my eyes, thinking there were wonderful sights to see.

rén zhī zhī zhě qí wèi yǔ kǎn jǐng zhī wā hé yì
人 知 之 者 , 其 谓 与 坎 井 之 蛙 何 异 ?”
Those who knew about it, what difference is there between them and the frogs in a shallow well?”

yú jì wèi cǐ zhì , hòu wǔ nián , wú qī lái guī , shí zhì xuān zhōng , cóng yú wèn gǔ shì , huò píng jī xué shū
余 既 为 此 志 , 后 五 年 , 吾 妻 来 归 , 时 至 轩 中 , 从 余 问 古 事 , 或 凭 几 学 书 。
After I wrote this record, five years later, my wife came to live with me. She would often come to the pavilion, ask me about ancient events, or lean on the table to learn calligraphy.

wú qī guī níng shù zhū xiǎo mèi yǔ yuē
吾 妻 归 宁 , 述 诸 小 妹 语 曰 :”
“My wife returned to her family, and told my younger sisters:

wén zǐ jiā yǒu gé zǐ qiě hé wèi gé zǐ yě
闻 姊 家 有 阁 子 , 且 何 谓 阁 子 也 ?”
‘I heard that your sister’s house has a pavilion, and what is a pavilion?’”

qí hòu liù nián wú qī sǐ shì huài bù xiū
其 后 六 年 , 吾 妻 死 , 室 坏 不 修 。
After six years, my wife passed away, and the room was left in disrepair.

qí hòu èr nián yú jiǔ wò bìng wú liáo
其 后 二 年 , 余 久 卧 病 无 聊 ,
Two years later, I was bedridden and bored due to illness,

nǎi shǐ rén fù qì nán gé zǐ qí zhì shāo yì yú qián
乃 使 人 复 葺 南 阁 子 , 其 制 稍 异 于 前 。
So I had the south pavilion renovated, with a slightly different design than before.

rán zì hòu yú duō zài wài bù cháng jū
然 自 后 余 多 在 外 , 不 常 居 。
However, since then, I have been mostly away and not living there.

tíng yǒu pí pá shù , wú qī sǐ zhī nián suǒ shǒu zhí yě , jīn yǐ tíng tíng rú gài yǐ
庭 有 枇 杷 树 , 吾 妻 死 之 年 所 手 植 也 , 今 已 亭 亭 如 盖 矣 。
There is a loquat tree in the courtyard, which my wife planted the year she passed away, and now it has grown tall and covered like a canopy.