qián chì bì fù
前 赤 壁 赋
Preface to the Red Cliff Fu
sòng sū shì
(宋) 苏 轼
(Song) Su Shi
rén xū zhī qiū qī yuè jì wàng
壬 戌 之 秋 , 七 月 既 望 ,
In the autumn of the year of Renxu, the seventh month had waned,
sū zǐ yǔ kè fàn zhōu yóu yú chì bì zhī xià
苏 子 与 客 泛 舟 游 于 赤 壁 之 下 。
Su Shi and his guests were boating and wandering beneath the Red Cliff.
qīng fēng xú lái shuǐ bō bù xīng
清 风 徐 来 , 水 波 不 兴 。
A gentle breeze was blowing, and the water was calm.
jǔ jiǔ zhǔ kè sòng míng yuè zhī shī gē yǎo tiǎo zhī zhāng
举 酒 属 客 , 诵 明 月 之 诗 , 歌 窈 窕 之 章 。
They raised their wine cups to toast the guests, reciting poems of the bright moon and singing verses of graceful beauty.
shǎo yān yuè chū yú dōng shān zhī shàng pái huái yú dǒu niú zhī jiān
少 焉 , 月 出 于 东 山 之 上 , 徘 徊 于 斗 牛 之 间 。
After a while, the moon rose above the eastern hills, wandering between the constellations of the Dipper and the Ox.
bái lù héng jiāng shuǐ guāng jiē tiān
白 露 横 江 , 水 光 接 天 。
The white dew covered the river, and the water’s radiance connected with the sky.
zòng yī wěi zhī suǒ rú líng wàn qǐng zhī máng rán
纵 一 苇 之 所 如 , 凌 万 顷 之 茫 然 。
Letting a single reed go wherever it pleased, they surpassed the vastness of ten thousand acres.
hào hào hū rú píng xū yù fēng ér bù zhī qí suǒ zhǐ
浩 浩 乎 如 冯 虚 御 风 , 而 不 知 其 所 止 ;
Vast and boundless, like riding the empty air and controlling the wind, without knowing where to stop;
piāo piāo hū rú yí shì dú lì yǔ huà ér dēng xiān
飘 飘 乎 如 遗 世 独 立 , 羽 化 而 登 仙 。
Drifting and floating, like standing alone in the world, transcending mortality and ascending to immortality.
yú shì yǐn jiǔ lè shèn kòu xián ér gē zhī
于 是 饮 酒 乐 甚 , 扣 舷 而 歌 之 。
Thus, they drank and enjoyed themselves immensely, knocking on the boat’s side and singing.
gē yuē guì zhào xī lán jiǎng jī kōng míng xī sù liú guāng
歌 曰 :“ 桂 棹 兮 兰 桨 , 击 空 明 兮 溯 流 光 。
The song went: “Oar of cassia, paddle of orchid, strike the empty brightness and trace the flowing light.
miǎo miǎo xī yú huái wàng měi rén xī tiān yī fāng
渺 渺 兮 予 怀 , 望 美 人 兮 天 一 方 。”
Vague and distant is my longing, gazing at the beautiful lady in the far corner of the sky.”
kè yǒu chuī dòng xiāo zhě yǐ gē ér hè zhī
客 有 吹 洞 箫 者 , 倚 歌 而 和 之 。
One of the guests, who played the flute, leaned on the song to harmonize with it.
qí shēng wū wū rán rú yuàn rú mù rú qì rú sù
其 声 呜 呜 然 , 如 怨 如 慕 , 如 泣 如 诉 ;
The sound was mournful, like complaints, like yearning, like sobbing, like telling tales;
yú yīn niǎo niǎo bù jué rú lǚ
余 音 袅 袅 , 不 绝 如 缕 。
The lingering melody was like a thread that never ended.
wǔ yōu hè zhī qián jiāo qì gū zhōu zhī lí fù
舞 幽 壑 之 潜 蛟 , 泣 孤 舟 之 嫠 妇 。
It danced with the hidden dragon in the secluded valley, weeping for the widow in the solitary boat.
sū zǐ qiǎo rán zhèng jīn wēi zuò
苏 子 愀 然 , 正 襟 危 坐 ,
Su Shi’s expression changed, he sat upright and adjusted his clothes,
ér wèn kè yuē hé wèi qí rán yě
而 问 客 曰 :“ 何 为 其 然 也 ?”
And asked the guest, “Why is it like this?”
kè yuē yuè míng xīng xī wū què nán fēi
客 曰 :“ ‘ 月 明 星 稀 , 乌 鹊 南 飞 。 ’
The guest replied, “ ‘The moon is bright, the stars are sparse, the magpies fly south.’”
cǐ fēi cáo mèng dé zhī shī hū
此 非 曹 孟 德 之 诗 乎 ?
Is this not the poem of Cao Mengde?
xī wàng xià kǒu dōng wàng wǔ chāng
西 望 夏 口 , 东 望 武 昌 ,
Gazing westward at Xiakou, eastward at Wuchang,
shān chuān xiāng liǎo yù hū cāng cāng cǐ fēi mèng dé zhī kùn yú zhōu láng zhě hū
山 川 相 缪 , 郁 乎 苍 苍 , 此 非 孟 德 之 困 于 周 郎 者 乎 ?
Mountains and rivers intertwined, lush and verdant, is this not where Mengde was besieged by Zhou Lang?
fāng qí pò jīng zhōu xià jiāng líng shùn liú ér dōng yě
方 其 破 荆 州 , 下 江 陵 , 顺 流 而 东 也 ,
When he broke through Jingzhou, captured Jiangling, and sailed eastward along the river,
zhú lú qiān lǐ jīng qí bì kōng
舳 舻 千 里 , 旌 旗 蔽 空 ,
With a fleet of a thousand miles, banners and flags obscuring the sky,
shī jiǔ lín jiāng héng shuò fù shī
酾 酒 临 江 , 横 槊 赋 诗 ,
Pouring wine by the river, composing poetry with a horizontal spear,
gù yī shì zhī xióng yě ér jīn ān zài zāi
固 一 世 之 雄 也 , 而 今 安 在 哉 ?
He was indeed a hero of his time, but where is he now?
kuàng wú yǔ zǐ yú qiáo yú jiāng zhǔ zhī shàng
况 吾 与 子 渔 樵 于 江 渚 之 上 ,
Moreover, my friend and I fish and chop wood on the river islets,
lǚ yú xiā ér yǒu mí lù jià yī yè zhī piān zhōu jǔ páo zūn yǐ xiāng zhǔ
侣 鱼 虾 而 友 麋 鹿 , 驾 一 叶 之 扁 舟 , 举 匏 樽 以 相 属 。
Companions with fish and shrimp, friends with deer and elk, sailing a single leaf-like boat, raising a gourd cup to share.
jì fú yóu yú tiān dì miǎo cāng hǎi zhī yī sù
寄 蜉 蝣 于 天 地 , 渺 沧 海 之 一 粟 。
Entrusting mayflies to the heavens and earth, a mere grain of sand in the vast ocean.
āi wú shēng zhī xū yú xiàn cháng jiāng zhī wú qióng
哀 吾 生 之 须 臾 , 羡 长 江 之 无 穷 。
Alas, for the brevity of my life; I envy the endless flow of the Yangtze River.
xié fēi xiān yǐ áo yóu bào míng yuè ér cháng zhōng
挟 飞 仙 以 遨 游 , 抱 明 月 而 长 终 。
I wish to roam with the immortals and embrace the bright moon for eternity.
zhī bù kě hū zhòu dé tuō yí xiǎng yú bēi fēng
知 不 可 乎 骤 得 , 托 遗 响 于 悲 风 。”
Knowing it is impossible to suddenly obtain, I entrust my lingering sorrow to the mournful wind.
sū zǐ yuē kè yì zhī fú shuǐ yǔ yuè hū
苏 子 曰 :“ 客 亦 知 夫 水 与 月 乎 ?
Zhuzi said, “Do you also know about the water and the moon?
shì zhě rú sī ér wèi cháng wǎng yě
逝 者 如 斯 , 而 未 尝 往 也 ;
The passing is like this, yet it never really goes away;
yíng xū zhě rú bǐ ér zú mò xiāo zhǎng yě
盈 虚 者 如 彼 , 而 卒 莫 消 长 也 。
The waxing and waning are like that, yet they never truly grow or diminish.
gài jiāng zì qí biàn zhě ér guān zhī , zé tiān dì céng bù néng yǐ yī shùn
盖 将 自 其 变 者 而 观 之 , 则 天 地 曾 不 能 以 一 瞬 ;
Observing from the perspective of change, even the heavens and earth cannot be frozen in a single moment;
zì qí bù biàn zhě ér guān zhī zé wù yǔ wǒ jiē wú jìn yě ér yòu hé xiàn hū
自 其 不 变 者 而 观 之 , 则 物 与 我 皆 无 尽 也 , 而 又 何 羡 乎 !
Observing from the perspective of constancy, both things and I are boundless, so why should I envy?
qiě fú tiān dì zhī jiān wù gè yǒu zhǔ gǒu fēi wú zhī suǒ yǒu suī yī háo ér mò qǔ
且 夫 天 地 之 间 , 物 各 有 主 , 苟 非 吾 之 所 有 , 虽 一 毫 而 莫 取 。
Moreover, between heaven and earth, everything has its master; if it is not mine, I cannot take even a tiny bit.
wéi jiāng shàng zhī qīng fēng yǔ shān jiān zhī míng yuè
惟 江 上 之 清 风 , 与 山 间 之 明 月 ,
Only the gentle breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains,
ěr dé zhī ér wéi shēng mù yù zhī ér chéng sè
耳 得 之 而 为 声 , 目 遇 之 而 成 色 ,
Can be heard as sound by the ear and seen as color by the eye,
qǔ zhī wú jìn yòng zhī bù jié
取 之 无 禁 , 用 之 不 竭 。
Taken without restriction, used without exhaustion.
shì zào wù zhě zhī wú jìn zàng yě
是 造 物 者 之 无 尽 藏 也 ,
This is the inexhaustible treasure of the Creator,
ér wú yǔ zǐ zhī suǒ gòng shì
而 吾 与 子 之 所 共 适 。”
Which I and you both share and enjoy.”
kè xǐ ér xiào xǐ zhǎn gēng zhuó
客 喜 而 笑 , 洗 盏 更 酌 。
The guest laughed with delight and washed the cups to pour more wine.
yáo hé jì jìn bēi pán láng jí
肴 核 既 尽 , 杯 盘 狼 籍 。
The dishes and cores were exhausted, and the plates and bowls were in disarray.
xiāng yǔ zhěn jiè hū zhōu zhōng bù zhī dōng fāng zhī jì bái
相 与 枕 藉 乎 舟 中 , 不 知 东 方 之 既 白 。
Together, they lay down to rest on the boat, unaware that the east had already turned white.