lán tíng jí xù
兰 亭 集 序
Preface to the Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion
wèi jìn wáng xī zhī
( 魏 晋 ) 王 羲 之
(Wei-Jin Dynasty) Wang Xizhi
yǒng hé jiǔ nián suì zài guǐ chǒu mù chūn zhī chū
永 和 九 年 , 岁 在 癸 丑 , 暮 春 之 初 ,
In the ninth year of Yonghe, during the Jiachou era, at the beginning of late spring,
huì yú kuài jī shān yīn zhī lán tíng xiū xì shì yě
会 于 会 稽 山 阴 之 兰 亭 , 修 禊 事 也 。
we gathered at the Orchid Pavilion on the shady side of Mount Kuaiji to perform the Shuxi (ritual for dispelling bad luck) ceremony.
qún xián bì zhì shào zhǎng xián jí
群 贤 毕 至 , 少 长 咸 集 。
All the distinguished guests had arrived, with both young and old gathered together.
cǐ dì yǒu chóng shān jùn lǐng mào lín xiū zhú
此 地 有 崇 山 峻 岭 , 茂 林 修 竹 ;
This place boasts towering mountains and steep ridges, dense forests and tall bamboos;
yòu yǒu qīng liú jī tuān yìng dài zuǒ yòu
又 有 清 流 激 湍 , 映 带 左 右 ,
it also has clear streams and rapid currents, reflecting on both sides,
yǐn yǐ wéi liú shāng qū shuǐ liè zuò qí cì
引 以 为 流 觞 曲 水 , 列 坐 其 次 。
which we used as the flowing wine cups and seated ourselves along the water.
suī wú sī zhú guǎn xián zhī shèng yī shāng yī yǒng yì zú yǐ chàng xù yōu qíng
虽 无 丝 竹 管 弦 之 盛 , 一 觞 一 咏 , 亦 足 以 畅 叙 幽 情 。
Although there were no grand musical instruments like strings and bamboo pipes, one cup of wine and one poem were enough to express our deep emotions.
shì rì yě tiān lǎng qì qīng huì fēng hé chàng
是 日 也 , 天 朗 气 清 , 惠 风 和 畅 ,
On this day, the sky was clear and the air fresh, with a gentle breeze blowing pleasantly.
yǎng guān yǔ zhòu zhī dà fǔ chá pǐn lèi zhī shèng
仰 观 宇 宙 之 大 , 俯 察 品 类 之 盛 ,
Looking up, we observed the vastness of the universe; looking down, we examined the abundance of all things.
suǒ yǐ yóu mù chěng huái zú yǐ jí shì tīng zhī yú xìn kě lè yě
所 以 游 目 骋 怀 , 足 以 极 视 听 之 娱 , 信 可 乐 也 。
Thus, we roamed our eyes and let our minds wander, enjoying the entertainment of sight and sound to the fullest, truly delightful.
fú rén zhī xiāng yǔ fǔ yǎng yī shì huò qǔ zhū huái bào wù yán yī shì zhī nèi
夫 人 之 相 与 , 俯 仰 一 世 , 或 取 诸 怀 抱 , 悟 言 一 室 之 内 ;
In human interactions, we spend our lives together, sometimes embracing and sharing our thoughts within a room;
huò yīn jì suǒ tuō fàng làng xíng hái zhī wài
或 因 寄 所 托 , 放 浪 形 骸 之 外 。
sometimes, we entrust ourselves to the outside world, letting our spirits roam freely beyond our physical forms.
suī qǔ shě wàn shū jìng zào bù tóng
虽 趣 舍 万 殊 , 静 躁 不 同 ,
Although our interests and temperaments differ greatly, whether we are calm or restless,
dāng qí xīn yú suǒ yù zàn dé yú jǐ kuài rán zì zú bù zhī lǎo zhī jiāng zhì
当 其 欣 于 所 遇 , 暂 得 于 己 , 快 然 自 足 , 不 知 老 之 将 至 。
when we are delighted by what we encounter and momentarily content with ourselves, we are blissfully unaware of the approach of old age.
jí qí suǒ zhī jì juàn qíng suí shì qiān gǎn kǎi xì zhī yǐ
及 其 所 之 既 倦 , 情 随 事 迁 , 感 慨 系 之 矣 。
But when we grow tired of our pursuits, our emotions change with the circumstances, and we are left with a sense of nostalgia.
xiàng zhī suǒ xīn fǔ yǎng zhī jiān yǐ wéi chén jì yóu bù néng bù yǐ zhī xīng huái
向 之 所 欣 , 俯 仰 之 间 , 已 为 陈 迹 , 犹 不 能 不 以 之 兴 怀 。
What we once enjoyed has become a mere memory in the blink of an eye, and we cannot help but feel emotional about it.
kuàng xiū duǎn suí huà zhōng qī yú jìn
况 修 短 随 化 , 终 期 于 尽 。
How much more so when we consider that both life and death are significant, and eventually, everything comes to an end.
gǔ rén yún sǐ shēng yì dà yǐ qǐ bù tòng zāi
古 人 云 :“ 死 生 亦 大 矣 。” 岂 不 痛 哉 !
The ancients said, “Life and death are truly profound.” How can we not feel pained by this?
měi lǎn xī rén xīng gǎn zhī yóu ruò hé yī qì wèi cháng bù lín wén jiē dào
每 览 昔 人 兴 感 之 由 , 若 合 一 契 , 未 尝 不 临 文 嗟 悼 ,
Every time I reflect on the reasons behind the emotions of people from the past, it feels as if they are in perfect harmony with my own thoughts; I always sigh and lament when facing their writings.
bù néng yù zhī yú huái
不 能 喻 之 于 怀 。
Unable to express it in my heart.
gù zhī yī sǐ shēng wéi xū dàn qí péng shāng wéi wàng zuò
固 知 一 死 生 为 虚 诞 , 齐 彭 殇 为 妄 作 。
I firmly know that the concept of life and death is illusory, and the idea of equalizing Peng and Shang is a vain attempt.
hòu zhī shì jīn yì yóu jīn zhī shì xī
后 之 视 今 , 亦 犹 今 之 视 昔 。
Those who come after us will view the present just as we view the past.
bēi fú gù liè xù shí rén lù qí suǒ shù
悲 夫 ! 故 列 叙 时 人 , 录 其 所 述 ,
Alas! Therefore, I list and record the words of people from that time,
suī shì shū shì yì suǒ yǐ xīng huái qí zhì yī yě
虽 世 殊 事 异 , 所 以 兴 怀 , 其 致 一 也 。
Though the world is different and the events are varied, the emotions that arise and the reasons behind them remain the same.
hòu zhī lǎn zhě yì jiāng yǒu gǎn yú sī wén
后 之 览 者 , 亦 将 有 感 于 斯 文 。
Those who read this in the future will also be touched by these words.