THE icon-painting workshop occupied two rooms in a large house partlybuilt of stone. —
图标画工作室占据大房子的两个房间，部分是用石头建造的。 —

One room had three windows overlooking the yard and oneoverlooking the garden; —
一间房间有三扇窗户俯瞰庭院，还有一扇朝向花园； —

the other room had one window overlooking thegarden and another facing the street. —
另一间房间有一扇俯瞰花园的窗户，另一扇面向街道。 —

These windows were small and square,and their panes, irisated by age, unwillingly admitted the pale, diffused lightof the winter days. —
这些窗户又小又方，被年代久远的彩灯妨碍着，不情愿地让冬日里苍白的，弥漫的光线进入。 —

Both rooms were closely packed with tables, and at everytable sat the bent figures of icon-painters. From the ceilings were suspendedglass balls full of water, which reflected the light from the lamps and threw itupon the square surfaces of the icons in white cold rays.
两个房间里挤满了桌子，每张桌子上都坐着弯腰的图标画家。从天花板上悬挂着装满水的玻璃球，反射着灯光并将其扔在白色冷光中的圣像上。

It was hot and stifling in the workshop. —
工作室里又热又闷。 —

Here worked about twenty men,icon-painters, from Palekh, Kholia, and Mstir. They all sat down in cottonoveralls with unfastened collars. —
这里大约有二十个男人，来自Palekh，Kholia和Mstir的图标画家。他们都穿着敞开衣领的棉工作服坐着。 —

They had drawers made of ticking, and werebarefooted, or wore sandals. —
他们有用亚麻布制成的抽屉，光着脚或穿着凉鞋。 —

Over their heads stretched, like a blue veil, thesmoke of cheap tobacco, and there was a thick smell of size, varnish, androtten eggs. —
在他们头上有一层蓝色的烟雾，像面纱一样, 里面弥漫着廉价烟草、云翳和臭鸡蛋的刺鼻味道。 —

The melancholy Vlandimirski song flowed slowly, like resin:
他们缓慢地唱着凄凉的Vlandimirski歌曲；

　　How depraved the people have now become ;The boy ruined the girl, and cared not who knew.
人们现在变得多么堕落；这个男孩毁了这个女孩，却不在乎别人知道。

They sang other melancholy songs, but this was the one they sang mostoften. —
他们唱着其他凄凉的歌，但这首是他们最经常唱的。 —

Its long-drawn-out movement did not hinder one from thinking, didnot impede the movement of the fine brush, made of weasel hair, over thesurface of the icons, as it painted in the lines of the figure, and laid upon theemaciated faces of the saints the fine lines of suffering. —
它长篇大论的旋律不妨碍人思考，不妨碍细毛巾制的细刷在圣像表面绘制线条，以及在伤痕累累的圣徒脸上描绘出痛苦的细节。 —

By the windows thechaser, Golovev, plied his small hammer. —
在窗户旁边，金匠Golovev使用他的小锤子。 —

He was a drunken old man with anenormous blue nose. —
他是一个酗酒的老头子，鼻子又蓝又大。 —

The lazy stream of song was punctuated by theceaseless dry tap of the hammer; —
懒散的歌声被不停的锤击声打断； —

it was like a worm gnawing at a tree. Someevil genius had divided the work into a long series of actions, bereft of beautyand incapable of arousing any love for the business, or interest in it. —
它就像一条虫子啃食着树木。一位邪恶的天才将工作分成一系列漫长的行动，缺乏美感，无法引起对工作的热爱或兴趣。 —

Thesquinting joiner, Panphil, ill-natured and malicious, brought the pieces ofcypress and lilac — wood of different sizes, which he had planed and glued; —
斜眼的木工帕恩菲尔，脾气暴躁又恶毒，带来了不同尺寸的扁桃木和紫丁香木，他将它们刨平并粘合； —

the consumptive lad, Davidov, laid the colors on; his comrade, Sorokin,painted in the inscription; —
患结核病的少年大卫多夫上了颜色；他的同伴索罗金写上了题字； —

Milyashin outlined the design from the originalwith a pencil ; —
米利亚辛用铅笔勾勒了原作的设计； —

old Golovev gilded it, and embossed the pattern in gold; —
老戈洛夫用金箔镀金和浮雕花纹； —

thefinishers drew the land — scape, and the clothes of the figures; —
完工者画上了风景和人物的衣服； —

and then theywere stood with faces or hands against the wall, waiting for the work of theface-painter.
然后他们被立起来，脸或手靠在墙上，等待面部画师的工作。

It was very weird to see a large icon intended for an iconastasis, or thedoors of the altar, standing against the wall without face, hands, or feet, —just the sacerdotal vestments, or the armor, and the short garments ofarchangels. —
看到一个大型圣像，本应用来装饰圣坛或祭坛的门，脸部、手部或脚部却未绘制，只有祭服或护甲，以及天使的短袍，实在很奇怪。 —

These variously painted tablets suggested death. —
这些各种各样的绘制板似乎在诉说着死亡。 —

That whichshould have put life into them was absent, but it seemed as if it had beenthere, and had miraculously disappeared, leaving only its heavy vestmentsbehind.
本应该赋予它们生命的东西却不在，但似乎曾经在那里，然后神奇地消失，只留下了它沉重的外衣。

When the features had been painted in by the face-painter, the icon washanded to the workman, who filled in the design of the chaser. —
当面部画师画完特征后，圣像被交到艺匠手中填补雕塑设计。 —

A differentworkman had to do the lettering, and the varnish was put on by the headworkman himself Ivan Larionovich, a quiet man. —
不同的工匠需要做文字，而上漆则由头工匠伊万·拉里奥诺维奇亲自上。 —

He had a gray face; hisbeard, too, was gray, the hair fine and silky; —
他有一张灰色的脸；胡须也是灰的，头发细而柔滑； —

his gray eyes were peculiarlydeep and sad. He had a pleasant smile, but one could not smile at him. —
他的灰色的眼睛异常深邃而悲伤。他有个和善的微笑，但人们无法对他微笑。 —

Hemade one feel awkward, somehow. He looked like the image of SimonStolpnik, just as lean and emaciated, and his motionless eyes looked far awayin the same abstracted man — ner, through people and walls.
他使人感到尴尬，不知怎么回事。他看起来像西蒙•斯托尔普尼克的形象，瘦削憔悴，眼睛无神地透过人群和墙壁，一脸出神的神情。

Some days after I entered the workshop, the banner-worker, a Cossack ofthe Don, named Kapendiukhin, a handsome, mighty fellow, arrived in a stateof intoxication. —
几天后我进入了车间，一个叫卡彭迪欧赫金的顿河哥萨克工人，一个英俊强壮的家伙，醉醺醺地走了进来。 —

With clenched teeth and his gentle, wom — anish eyesblinking, he began to smash up everything with his iron fist, without utteringa word. —
他咬紧牙关，那双温文尔雅的眼睛眨巴眨巴，开始用铁拳粉碎一切，一言不发。 —

Of medium height and well built, he cast himself on the workroomlike a cat chasing rats in a cellar. The others lost their presence of mind, andhid themselves away in the corners, calling out to one another :
身材中等魁梧，他像只猫扑入工作室，如同地窖里追逐老鼠。其他人失去了镇定，躲藏在角落里，相互呼喊：

　　“Knock him down!”
“把他打倒！”

The face-painter, Evgen Sitanov, was successful in stunning themaddened creature by hitting him on the head with a small stool. —
面废画家叶甫根•斯尼塔诺夫成功地击昏了那发狂的家伙，用小凳子打在他头上。 —

TheCossack subsided on the floor, and was immediately held down and tied upwith towels, which he began to bite and tear with the teeth of a wild beast.
哥萨克倒在地板上，立即被压制住，并用毛巾捆绑，他开始用野兽般的牙齿咬嚼和撕裂毛巾。

This infuriated Evgen. He jumped on the table, and with his hands pressedclose to his sides, prepared to jump on the Cossack. —
这激怒了叶甫根。他跳到桌子上，双手贴在两侧，准备跳向哥萨克人。 —

Tall and stout as he was,he would have inevitably crushed the breast-bone of Kapendiukhin by hisleap, but at that moment Larionovich appeared on the scene in cap andovercoat, shook his finger at Sitanov, and said to the workmen in a quiet andbusiness-like tone:
尽管他又高又壮，他的一跃必然会压碎卡彭迪乌欣的胸骨，但就在那时，拉里昂诺维奇出现在场，戴着帽子和外套，向西塔诺夫摇了摇手指，用一种平静而干练的语气对工人们说：

　　“Carry him into the vestibule, and leave him there till he is sober.”
“把他抬到门厅，等他醒酒了再说。”

　　They dragged the Cossack out of the workshop, set the chairs and tablesstraight, and once again set to work, letting fall short remarks on thestrength of their comrade, prophesying that he would one day be killed bysome one in a quarrel.
他们把哥萨克人从车间里拖出去，整理好椅子桌子，再次开始工作，低声议论着同伴的力量，预言说总有一天他会在争吵中被某人杀死。

　　“It would be a difficult matter to kill him,” said Sitanov very calmly, as ifhe were speaking of a business which he understood very well.
“要杀死他可不容易，”西塔诺夫非常平静地说，就像在谈论一个他非常了解的事务一样。

I looked at Larionovich, wondering perplexedly why these strong,pugilistic people were so easily ruled by him. —
我看着拉里昂诺维奇，困惑地想知道为什么这些身强力壮、善打架的人竟然这么容易被他控制。 —

He showed every one how heought to work; —
他向每个人展示他应该如何工作； —

even the best workmen listened willingly to his advice; —
即使是最好的工人也愿意听他的建议； —

hetaught Kapendiukhin more, and with more words, than the others.
他教给卡彭迪乌欣的比其他人更多，用更多的言辞。

“ You, Kapendiukhin, are what is called a painter — that is, you ought topaint from life in the Italian manner. —
“卡彭迪乌欣，你被称为画家 —— 也就是说，你应该按照意大利方式从生活中画像。 —

Painting in oils requires warm colors,and you have introduced too much white, and made Our Lady’s eyes as coldas winter. —
油画需要暖色调，而你加入了太多白色，使我们的圣母的眼睛像冬天一样冷。 —

The cheeks are painted red, like apples, and the eyes do not seemto belong to them. —
脸颊被涂成红色，像苹果一样，眼睛看起来并不属于它们。 —

And they are not put in right, either ; one is looking overthe bridge of the nose, and the other has moved to the temple; —
它们没有正确地放在脸上；一个眼睛看向鼻梁，另一个移向太阳穴； —

and the facehas not come out pure and holy, but crafty, wintry. —
脸没有显得纯洁神圣，反而显得狡猾、冷冬一般。 —

You don’t think aboutyour work, Kapendiukhin.”
你没有认真思考你的作品，卡彭迪乌欣。”

The Cossack listened and made a wry face. —
哥萨克倾听着扭曲了一下脸。 —

Then smiling impudentlywith his womanish eyes, he said in his pleasant voice, which was ratherhoarse with so much drinking:
然后，微笑着，他用他那双像女人般的眼睛，用颇具喝醉了的嘶哑却仍然愉快的声音说：

“Ekh! I— va — a — n Larionovich, my father, that is not my trade. —
“嗯！我——瓦——恩·拉里奥诺维奇，我父亲，那不是我的职业。 —

I wasborn to be a musician, and they put me among monks.”
我出生就是为了做一个音乐家，他们却把我安排在了僧侣中。”

　　“With zeal, any business may be mastered.”
“有热情，任何工作都能掌握。”

　　“No; what do you take me for? I ought to have been a coachman with ateam of gray horses, eh?”
“不；你以为我是什么人？我本来应该是一名有一队灰色马匹的教练，对吗？”

　　And protruding his Adam’s apple, he drawled despairingly:
并突出他的喉结，他绝望地拖长声音说：

　　“Eh, i-akh, if I had a leash of grayhoundsAnd dark brown horses,Och, when I am in torment on frosty nightsI would fly straight, straight to my love!”
“嗯，i-akh，如果我有一条灰色的猎狗和深棕色的马，哦，当我在冰冷的夜晚受折磨时，我会直飞，直飞去见我的爱人！”

Ivan Larionovich, smiling mildly, set his glasses straight on his gray, sad,melancholy nose, and went away. —
伊凡·拉里奥诺维奇微笑着，温和地将眼镜戴在他忧郁而悲伤的灰色鼻子上，然后走开了。 —

But a dozen voices took up the song in afriendly spirit, and there flowed forth a mighty stream of song which seemedto raise the whole workshop into the air and shake it with measured blows:
但十几个声音友好地接上这首歌，涌出一股强大的歌声，似乎将整个车间升入空中并震动它，伴着有规律的节拍。

　　“By custom the horses know Where the little lady lives.”
“按照惯例，马儿知道小夫人住在哪里。”

The apprentice, Pashka Odintzov, threw aside his work of pouring off theyolks of the eggs, and holding the shells in his hand, led the chorus in amasterly manner. —
学徒帕什卡·奥丁佐夫放下手边正在倒鸡蛋蛋黄的工作，手里拿着蛋壳，以娴熟的方式引导着合唱。 —

Intoxicated by the sounds, they all forgot them — selves,they all breathed together as if they had but one bosom, and were full of thesame feelings, looking sideways at the Cossack. —
在这些声音的陶醉中，他们都忘记了自己，他们齐心协力，仿佛有一个胸怀，充满了同样的感受，斜眼看着哥萨克。 —

When he sang, the workshopacknowledged him as its master; —
当他唱歌时，车间承认他是它的主人； —

they were all drawn to him, followed thebrief movements of his hands; —
他们全都被他吸引，跟随他手势的瞬间； —

he spread his arms out as if he were about tofly. —
他伸开手臂，仿佛要飞起来。 —

I believe that if he had suddenly broken off his song and cried, “Let ussmash up everything,” even the most serious of the workmen would havesmashed the workshop to pieces in a few moments.
我相信如果他突然停止唱歌，大声说“让我们把一切都毁掉”，甚至最认真的工人几分钟内就会将整个车间彻底摧毁。

He sang rarely, but the power of his tumultuous songs was alwaysirresistible and all-conquering. —
他很少唱歌，但他那激动人心的歌声之力总是无法抵挡且全面征服的。 —

It was as if these people were not verystrongly made, and he could lift them up and set them on fire; —
仿佛这些人体质不算太坚强，而他却能举起他们并点燃他们； —

as ifeverything was bent when it came within the warm influence of that mightyorgan of his.
仿佛一切都在那庞大的器官温暖的影响下弯曲。

As for me, these songs aroused in me a hot feeling of envy of the singer,of his admirable power over people. —
对我来说，这些歌曲唤起了我对歌手令人羡慕的强大力量的热烈感觉。 —

A painful emotion flowed over my heart,making it feel as if it would burst. —
一种痛苦情绪涌上我的心头，让它感觉即将爆裂。 —

I wanted to weep and call out to thesingers:
我想要哭泣并对歌手们呼喊： “我爱你们！”

　　“I love you!”
患病、黄色的达维多夫，身上长满了绒毛，也张开嘴巴，奇怪地像是刚刚从巢中跃出的幼鸦。

Consumptive, yellow Davidov, who was covered with tufts of hair, alsoopened his mouth, strangely resembling a young jackdaw newly burst out oftheThese happy, riotous songs were only sung when the Cossack startedthem. —
这些欢快、狂乱的歌曲只有在哥萨克开始演唱时才会唱。 —

More often they sang the sad, drawn-out one about the depravedpeople, and another about the forests, and another about the death ofAlexander I, “How our Alexander went to review his army. —
更常唱的是那首关于堕落的人们的悲伤、拉长的歌曲，以及关于森林和亚历山大一世去世的另一首：“亚历山大如何视察他的军队。” —

” Sometimes at thesuggestion of our best face painter, Jikharev, they tried to sing some churchmelodies, but it was seldom a success. —
有时在我们最好的脸谱画家吉哈列夫的建议下，他们试图唱一些教堂旋律，但很少成功。 —

Jikharev always wanted one particularthing; —
吉哈列夫总是想要一个特定的东西； —

he had only one idea of harmony, and he kept on stopping the song.
他只有一种和声的想法，而且总是停下歌来。

He was a man of forty-five, dry, bald, with black, curly, gipsy-like hair,and large black brows which looked like mustaches. —
他是一个四十五岁的男人，干瘪、秃头，黑色、卷曲的吉普赛般的头发，和大大的黑色眉毛，看起来像是挂着胡子。 —

His pointed, thick beardwas very ornamental to his fine, swarthy, unRussian face, but under hisprotuberant nose stuck out ferocious-looking mustaches, superfluous whenone took his brows into consideration. —
他尖尖的、浓密的胡须使他那张精致、黑黑的、不像俄罗斯人的脸显得更有装饰性，但在鼓起的鼻子下伸出了凶狠的胡子，考虑到他的眉毛，这些胡子就有些多余了。 —

His blue eyes did not match, the leftbeing noticeably larger than the right.
他的蓝色眼睛不对称，左眼明显比右眼大。

“Pashka,” he cried in a tenor voice to my comrade, the apprentice, “comealong now, start off: —
“帕什卡，”他用高音声音对我的同伴、学徒喊道，“过来吧，开始： —

Traise — ‘ Now people, listen!”
赞美—‘现在，众人，听着！”

　　Wiping his hands on his apron, Pashka led off :
擦着围裙的手，帕什卡率先唱起：

　　“Pr — a — a — ise — ”
“赞—”

　　“The Name of the Lord,” several voices caught it up, but Jikharev criedfussily:
“主的名字，”几个声音跟上，但吉哈列夫焦躁地喊道：

　　“Lower, Evgen! Let your voice come from the very depths of the soul.”
“埃夫根，声音要更低！让声音深深地从灵魂深处发出。”

　　Sitanov, in a voice so deep that it sounded like the rattle of a drum, gaveforth:
斯坦诺夫的声音如此低沉，听起来像鼓的敲击声一样：

　　“R— rabi Gospoda (slaves of the Lord) — ”
“主的奴仆们——”

　　“Not like that! That part should be taken in such a way that the earthshould tremble and the doors and windows should open of themselves!”
“不是这样！那部分应该被表现得地动山摇，门窗应该自行打开！”

Jikharev was in a state of incomprehensible excitement. —
吉哈列夫处于一种难以理解的兴奋状态。 —

Hisextraordinary brows went up and down on his forehead, his voice broke, hisfingers played on an invisible dulcimer.
他特别浓密的眉毛在额头上上下翻腾，声音断断续续，手指在看不见的大提琴上游弋。

“Slaves of the Lord — do you understand?” he said importantly. —
“主的奴仆们——你们明白吗？”他显得很重要。 —

“Youhave got to feel that right to the kernel of your being, right through the shell.
“你们必须感受到那种深入灵魂核心、贯穿外壳的感觉。

　　Slaves, praise the Lord! How is it that you — living people — do notunderstand that?”
“奴仆们，赞美主！你们为什么——活生生的人们——就是不明白呢？”

　　“We never seem to get it as you say it ought to be,” said Sitanov quietly.
“我们似乎从来无法做到你说的应该做到的那样，”斯坦诺夫轻声说。

　　“Well, let it alone then!”
“那就随你们吧！”

Jikharev, offended, went on with his work. —
被冒犯了的吉哈列夫继续他的工作。 —

He was the best workman wehad, for he could paint faces in the Byzantine manner, and artistically, in thenew Italian style. —
他是我们中最好的工匠，因为他能够以拜占庭的风格并以新意大利的风格艺术地绘制脸庞。 —

When he took orders for iconostasis, Larionovich tookcounsel with him. —
当他接受绘制壁龛的订单时，拉里奥诺维奇会与他商议。 —

He had a fine knowledge of all original image-paintings; —
他对所有原始图像绘画都有很好的了解； —

all the costly copies of miraculous icons, Theodorovski, Kazanski, and others,passed through his hands. —
所有昂贵的复制品，如西奥多夫斯基、卡山斯基等等，都曾经从他手中经过。 —

But when he lighted upon the originals, hegrowled loudly:
但是当他遇到真迹时，他大声咆哮：

　　“These originals tie us down; there is no getting away from that fact.”
“这些真迹将我们束缚在原地；无法逃避这个事实。”

In spite of his superior position in the workshop, he was less conceitedthan the others, and was kind to the apprentices — Pavl and me. —
尽管他在车间拥有更高的地位，但他比其他人更不自负，对徒弟们——包括我和帕夫尔——很和蔼。 —

He wantedto teach us the work, since no one else ever bothered about us.
他想教我们工作，因为其他人从来不关心我们。

He was difficult to understand; he was not usually cheerful, andsometimes he would work for a whole week in silence, like a dumb man. —
他很难理解；他通常不爱笑，有时会默默地工作一个星期，就像一个哑巴。 —

Helooked on every one as at strangers who amazed him, as if it were the firsttime he had come across such people. —
他把每个人都当成让他惊讶的陌生人，仿佛这是他第一次遇到这样的人。 —

And although he was very fond ofsinging, at such times he did not sing, nor did he even listen to the songs. —
尽管他非常喜欢唱歌，但这时他不唱歌，甚至不听歌。 —

Allthe others watched him, winking at one another. —
其他人都在偷偷看着他，眉来眼去。 —

He would bend over theicon which stood sideways, his tablet on his knees, the middle resting on theedge of the table, while his fine brush diligently painted the dark, foreignface. —
他会俯身在斜放的圣像前，手持画板，中部搭在桌边，他精心地用细画笔给那张黑色、外国的脸作画。 —

He was dark and foreign-looking himself. —
他本人也是黑色、外国人。 —

Suddenly he would say in aclear, offended tone :
突然间，他用清晰、受伤的口气说：

“Forerunner — what does that mean? Tech means in ancient language ‘togo. —
“先驱者——这是什么意思？‘Tech’在古代语言中表示‘前进’。 —

’ A forerunner is one who goes before, — and that is all.”
一个先驱者就是一个走在前面的人——仅此而已。”

　　The workshop was very quiet; every one was glancing askance atJikharev, laughing, and in the stillness rang out these strange words :
车间里很安静；每个人都在偷偷瞄着基哈列夫，笑着，在寂静中传出这些奇怪的话语：

　　“He ought to be painted with a sheepskin and wings.”
他应该用羊皮和翅膀来画。

　　“Whom are you talking to?” I asked.
“你在跟谁说话？”我问道。

　　He was silent, either not hearing my question or not caring to answer it.
他沉默了，要么是没听见我的问题，要么是不愿回答。

　　Then his words again fell into the expectant silence :
然后他的话再次落入期待的沉默中：

　　“The lives of the saints are what we ought to know! What do we know?
“我们应该了解圣徒们的生平！我们知道什么？

We live without wings. Where is the soul? The soul — where is it? —
我们活在没有翅膀的状态。灵魂在哪里？灵魂—在哪里？ —

Theoriginals are there — yes — but where are the souls?”
原作在那里—是的—但灵魂在哪里呢？”

　　This thinking aloud caused even Sitanov to laugh derisively, and almostalways some one whispered with malicious joy:
这种自言自语甚至引起了西坦诺夫的嘲笑，几乎总会有人恶意地耳语：

　　“He will get drunk on Saturday.”
“他星期六会喝醉的。”

　　Tall, sinewy Sitanov, a youngster of twenty-two years, with a round facewithout whiskers or eye-brows, gazed sadly and seriously into the corner.
高大而有力的西坦诺夫，一个二十二岁的年轻人，一个脸圆圆没有胡须和眉毛，悲伤而沉思地凝视着角落。

I remember when the copy of the Theodorovski Madonna, which Ibelieve was Kungur, was finished. —
我记得那时，我相信是昆古尔的底尔夫斯基圣母的复制品完成了。 —

Jikharev placed the icon on the table andsaid loudly, excitedly :
吉哈列夫把圣像放在桌子上，大声激动地说：

“It is finished, Little Mother! Bright Chalice, Thou! —
“完成了，小母亲！明亮的圣杯，你！ —

Thou, bottomlesscup, in which are shed the bitter tears from the hearts of the world ofcreatures!”
你，那无底的杯，容纳着世界万物心中的苦涩泪水！”

　　And throwing an overcoat over his shoulders, he went out to the tavern.
然后披上一件外套，他走出去了酒馆。

The young men laughed and whistled, the elder ones looked after him withenvious sighs, and Sitanov went to his work. —
年轻人哈哈大笑，吹着口哨；年长的人们则用羡慕的叹息看着他，西塔诺夫去做他的工作了。 —

Looking at it attentively, heexplained :
他仔细地看着它，解释道：

“Of course he will go and get drunk, because he is sorry to have to handover his work. —
“当然他会去喝酒，因为他很遗憾要交出自己的工作。 —

That sort of regret is not given to all.”
这种遗憾并不是每个人都能体会到的。”

　　Jikharev’s drinking bouts always began on Saturday, and his, you mustunderstand, was not the usual alcoholic fever of the workman. It began thus:
吉哈列夫的酗酒始于周六，你必须明白，他的不是普通工人的酗酒狂热。始于：

　　In the morning he would write a note and sent Pavl somewhere with it, andbefore dinner he would say to Larionovich :
早上他写了一张纸条，让帕夫尔拿去，午饭前他会对拉里奥诺维奇说：

　　“1 am going to the bath today.”
“今天我去洗澡。”

　　“Will you be long?’
“你会待多久？”

　　“Well, Lord —”
“嗯，主——”

　　“Please don’t be gone over Tuesday!”
“请不要待到星期二！”

Jikharev bowed his bald cranium in assent; his brows twitched. —
吉哈列夫点头表示同意；他的眉毛抽动着。 —

When hereturned from the baths, he attired himself fashionably in a false shirt-frontand a cravat, attached a long silver chain to his satin waistcoat, and went outwithout speaking, except to say to Pavl and me :
他从澡堂回来后，穿上了时髦的假领带和领带，将一根长银链系在他的缎子背心上，没有说话，只对帕夫尔和我说：

　　“Clean up the workshop before the evening; wash the large table andscrape it.”
“在晚上前把车间清理干净；洗干净大桌子并擦干净。”

　　Then a kind of holiday excitement showed itself in every one of them.
然后一种假日的兴奋情绪显示在他们每一个人身上。

They braced themselves up. cleaned themselves, ran to the bath, and hadsupper in a hurry. —
他们振作起来，清洁自己，去洗澡，匆忙吃完晚饭。 —

After supper Jikharev appeared with light refreshments,beer, and wine, and following him came a woman so exaggerated in everyrespect that she was almost a monstrosity. —
晚饭后，吉哈列夫端上了淡淡的点心，啤酒和葡萄酒，接着一个女人走进来，她在每个方面都夸张到几乎成了怪物。 —

She was six feet five inches inheight. All our chairs and stools looked like toys when she was there, andeven tall Sitanov looked undersized beside her. —
她身高六英尺五寸。当她在那儿时，我们所有的椅子和凳子看起来像玩具，即使是高大的斯塔诺夫在她旁边也显得矮小。 —

She was well formed, but herbosom rose like a hillock to her chin, and her movements were slow andawkward. —
她身材匀称，但她的胸前凸起得像一个小丘，她的动作缓慢而笨拙。 —

She was about forty years of age, but her mobile face, with its greathorse-like eyes, was fresh and smooth, and her small mouth looked as if ithad been painted on, like that of a cheap doll. —
她大约四十岁，但她那张移动的脸，带着大马一样眼睛，皮肤光洁细腻，而她的小嘴看起来好像是被画上去的，就像廉价娃娃那样。 —

She smiled, held out her broadhand to every one, and spoke unnecessary words :
她微笑着向每个人伸出宽大的手，说了一些多余的话：

“How do you do? There is a hard frost today. —
“你好吗？今天很冷。 —

What a stuffy smell there ishere! It is the smell of paint. How do you do?”
这里有一种令人不舒服的气味！这是油漆的味道。你好吗？”

To look at her, so calm and strong, like a large river at high tide, waspleasant, but her speech had a soporific influence, and was both superfluousand weari — some. —
看着她，那么沉稳而强壮，就像涨潮时的大河一样令人愉快，但她的讲话有催眠的影响，又多余又令人厌烦。 —

Before she uttered a word, she used to puff, making heralmost livid cheeks rounder than ever. —
在她说话之前，她会喘气，使她几乎苍白的脸颊比以往更圆了。 —

The young ones giggled, andwhispered among themselves :
年轻人都在笑，小声议论：

　　“She is like an engine!”
“她就像一个机器！”

　　“Like a steeple!”
“像一座教堂尖塔！”

　　Pursing her lips and folding her hands under her bosom, she sat at thecloth-covered table by the samovar, and looked at us all in turn with a kindexpres — sion in her horse-like eyes.
她抿着嘴唇，双手叠在胸前，坐在带着桌布的桌子旁边的热水瓶旁，用眼睛依次看着我们每个人，表情非常温和。

Every one treated her with great respect, and the younger ones were evenrather afraid of her. —
每个人都对她非常尊重，年轻人甚至有点害怕她。 —

The youths looked at that great body with eager eyes, butwhen they met her all-embracing glance, they lowered their own eyes inconfusion. —
年轻人用渴望的眼神看着那个庞大的身体，但当他们遇到她包容一切的目光时，就会尴尬地低下头。 —

Jikharev was also respectful to his guest, addressed her as “you,”
吉哈列夫对客人也很尊重，称她为“你”，

　　called her “little comrade,” and pressed hospitality upon her, bowing low thewhile.
并称她为“小同志”，恳切地招待她，一边弯腰鞠躬。

“Now don’t you put yourself out,” she drawled sweetly. —
“别费心啦，”她甜甜地懒洋洋地说道。 —

“What a fuss youare making of me, really!”
“你们对我可真是太客气了！”

As for herself, she lived without hurry; —
至于她自己，生活从容自在； —

her arms moved only from theelbow to the wrist, while the elbows themselves were pressed against hersides. —
她的手臂只从肘部到手腕动，肘部紧贴着两侧。 —

From her came an ardent smell, as of hot bread. —
她身上散发着浓烈的香味，像热面包的味道。 —

Old Golovev,stammering in his enthusiasm, praised the beauty of the woman, like adeacon chanting the divine praises; —
热情洋溢的老戈洛夫列夫，结结巴巴地赞美这位女士的美丽，就像执事颂扬神圣的赞美一样； —

She listened, smiling affably, and whenhe had become involved in his speech, said of herself:
她微笑着友善地听着，当他言辞不利索时，她提到自己：

“We were not a bit handsome when we were young; this has all comethrough living as a woman. —
“我们年轻时并不算漂亮；这一切都是作为一个女人生活的结果。 —

By the time we were thirty, we had become soremarkable that even the nobility interested themselves in us, and onedistrict commander actually promised a carriage with a pair of horses.”
到了三十岁的时候，我们已经变得如此引人注目，甚至贵族也对我们感兴趣，一个地区指挥官竟然承诺给我们一辆双马车。”

　　Kapendiukhin, tipsy and dishevelled, looked at her with a glance ofhatred, and asked coarsely :
醉醺醺、头发凌乱的卡彭迪乌欣恶狠狠地瞪着她，粗鲁地问道：

　　“What did he promise you that for?”
“他承诺你什么来着？”

　　“In return for our love, of course,” explained the guest.
客人解释道：“当然是为了我们的爱。”

　　“Love,” muttered Kapendiukhin, “what sort of love?”
“爱”，卡彭迪乌欣喃喃地说，“什么样的爱？”

　　“Such a handsome young man as you are must know all about love,”
“像您这样英俊的年轻人一定对爱情了如指掌，”

　　answered the woman simply.
女人简单地回答道。

　　The workshop shook with laughter, and Sitanov growled toKapendiukhin:
车间里响起了一阵笑声，西塔诺夫对卡彭迪尤金咆哮道：

　　“A fool, if no worse, she is! People only love that way through a greatpassion, as every one knows.”
“她简直是个傻子，最多也只是个愚蠢的人！人们只有在经历了一场伟大的激情之后才会如此去爱，这是大家都知道的。”

He was pale with the wine he had drunk; —
他脸色苍白，喝醉了酒； —

drops of sweat stood on histemples like pearls; —
他太阳穴上满是如珍珠般的汗珠； —

his intelligent eyes burned alarmingly.
他那双聪明的眼睛闪烁着令人警惕的光芒。

　　But old Golovev, twitching his monstrous nose, wiped the tears from hiseyes with his fingers, and asked :
“不愧是个傻瓜。”老戈洛维夫用手指擦去眼泪，问道：

　　“How many children did you have?”
“你们有多少孩子？”

　　“Only one.”
“只有一个。”

Over the table hung a lamp ; over the stove, another. They gave a feeblelight; —
桌子上悬挂着一盏灯；炉子上方，又有一盏。它们发出微弱的光亮； —

thick shadows gathered in the corners of the workshop, from whichlooked half-painted headless figures. —
车间的角落里积聚着厚重的阴影，头部未完成的模型从中凝视着。 —

The dull, gray patches in place of handsand heads look weird and large, and, as usual, it seemed to me that thebodies of the saints had secretly disappeared from the painted garments. —
那些没有头和手的模型看起来怪异而庞大，通常，它们的衣服里仿佛体内的圣人已经悄悄消失了。 —

Theglass balls, raised right up to the ceiling, hung there on hooks in a cloud ofsmoke, and gleamed with a blue light.
吊在天花板上的玻璃球挂在挂钩上，笼罩在一团蓝光中，散发着微光。

Jikharev went restlessly round the table, pressing hospitality on everyone. —
伊哈里耶夫在桌子周围不停地走动，热情地招待着每个人。 —

His broad, bald skull inclined first to one and then to another, his thinfingers always were on the rriove. —
他宽广的光头斜倚着向前，然后又向另一边，他瘦削的手指总是在不停地动着。 —

He was very thin, and his nose, which waslike that of a bird of prey, seemed to have grown sharper; —
他身形非常瘦，他那副犹如猛禽般的鼻子似乎变得更尖了； —

when he stoodsideways to the light, the shadow of his nose lay on his cheek.
当他侧身站在光线下时，他鼻子的影子投在了他的脸颊上。

　　“Drink and eat, friends,” he said in his ringing tenor.
“喝吃吧，朋友们”，他用雄壮的音调说道。

“Why do you worry yourself, comrade? —
“你为什么这么担心自己，伙计？ —

They all have hands, and everyone has his own hands and his own appetite; —
他们都有双手，每个人都有他自己的双手和胃口； —

more than that no one can eat,however much they may want to!”
但超出那个范围，无论他们想吃多少也吃不了！”

“Rest yourself, people,” cried Jikharev in a ringing voice. —
“休息吧，伙计们”，吉哈捷列夫用悦耳的声音喊道。 —

“My friends, weare all the slaves of God; —
“我的朋友们，我们都是上帝的奴仆； —

let us sing, Traise His Name.’ ”
让我们歌颂，赞美祂的名。”

The chant was not a success; they were all enervated and stupefied byeating and vodka-drinking. In Kapendiukhin’s hands was a harmonica with adouble keyboard; —
这个圣歌并没有成功；他们都因酒肉和伏特加而虚弱迷糊。卡彭迪欧汉手中拿着一把带有双键盘的口琴； —

young Victor Salautin, dark and serious as a young crow,took up a drum, and let his fingers wander over the tightly stretched skin,which gave forth a deep sound; —
年轻的维克多·萨洛汀，一张严肃的脸，黑黑的像只年幼的乌鸦，拿起了一个鼓，让手指在紧绷的鼓皮上游走，在深沉的声音中回荡； —

the tambourines tinkled.
小鼓发出叮叮当当的声响。

　　“The Russian dance!” commanded Jikharev, “little comrade, please.”
“俄罗斯舞！”吉哈捷列夫命令道，“小伙计，请。”

　　“Ach!” sighed the woman, rising, “what a worry you are!”
“唉！”那个女人叹了口气，站起来，“你真是个麻烦！”

She v/ent to the space which had been cleared, and stood there solidly,like a sentry. —
她走到了一个已经清空的空间，并站在那里像一个哨兵一样坚定。 —

She wore a short brown skirt, a yellow batiste blouse, and a redhandkerchief on her head.
她穿着一条短棕色裙子，一件黄色薄纱衬衫，头上扎着一块红手绢。

The harmonica uttered passionate lamentations; its little bells rang; thetambourines tinkled; —
口琴发出激情的哀叹声; 小铃铛响起来; 铃鼓叮叮当当响着; —

the skin of the drum gave forth a heavy, dull, sighingsound. —
鼓皮发出沉重、沉闷的叹息声。 —

This had an unpleasant effect, as if a man had gone mad and wasgroaning, sobbing, and knocking his head against the wall.
这产生了一种令人不悦的效果，就像一个人疯了，在墙上哀嚎、呜咽、撞头。

Jikharev could not dance. He simply moved his feet about, and settingdown the heels of his brightly polished boots, jumped about like a goat, andthat not in time with the clamorous music. —
吉哈列夫不会跳舞。他只是让自己的脚动起来，脚跟着亮闪闪的靴子在空中跳跃，就像一只山羊，而且不是配合喧闹的音乐节奏。 —

His feet seemed to belong to someone else; his body writhed unbeautifully; —
他的脚似乎属于另外一个人; 他的身体扭曲得不美观; —

he struggled like a wasp in aspider’s web, or a fish in a net. —
他像一只蜂蜇在蜘蛛网里，或者一条被网困住的鱼。 —

It was not at all a cheerful sight. But all ofthem, even the tipsy ones, seemed to be impressed by his convulsions; —
这一点都不是令人愉快的景象。但是所有人，甚至那些喝醉了的人，似乎都对他的抽搐印象深刻; —

theyall watched his face and arms in silence. The changing expressions of his facewere amazing. —
他们都在静静地注视着他的脸和手臂。他脸上不同的表情令人惊讶。 —

Now he looked kind and rather shy, suddenly he becameproud, and frowned harshly; —
现在他看起来和蔼而有点害羞，突然间又变得骄傲，皱着眉头; —

now he seemed to be startled by something,sighed, closed his eyes for a second, and when he opened them, wore a sadexpression. —
现在他似乎被什么吓到了，叹了口气，闭上眼睛一秒钟，再睁开时带着悲伤的表情。 —

Clenching his fists he stole up to the woman, and suddenlystamping his feet, fell on his knees in front of her with arms outspread andraised brows, smiling ardently. —
握紧拳头，他走向那位女士，突然跺着脚，跪在她面前，双臂伸展开，微笑地向她示爱。 —

She looked down upon him with an affablesmile, and said to him calmly :
她微笑着俯视着他，平静地对他说:

　　“Stand up, comrade.”
“站起来，同志。”

　　She tried to close her eyes, but those eyes, which were in circumferencelike a three copeck piece, would not close, and her face wrinkled andassumed an unpleasant expression.
她试图闭上眼睛，但那双眼睛，大小如三戈比克硬币，却闭不上，她的脸皱起，表情难看。

She could not dance either, and did nothing but move her enormousbody from side to side, noiselessly transferring it from place to place. —
她也无法跳舞，只是静静地把她那巨大的身体从一边移到另一边。 —

In herleft hand was a handkerchief which she waved languidly; —
她左手拿着一块手帕，懒散地挥舞着； —

her right wasplaced on her hip. This gave her the appearance of a large pitcher.
右手放在腰上。这使她看起来像一个大水壶

And Jikharev moved round this massive woman with so many differentchanges of expression that he seemed to be ten different men dancing,instead of one. —
而日哈列夫在这个巨大的女人周围转动，表情变化如此多，仿佛是十个不同的男人跳舞，而不是一个人。 —

One was quiet and humble, another proud and terrifying; —
一个人安静谦卑，另一个威严可怕； —

inthe third movement he was afraid, sighing gently,, as if he desired to slipaway unnoticed from the large, unpleasant woman. —
在第三个动作中，他感到恐惧，轻轻叹息，仿佛渴望悄悄脱离这位巨大而讨厌的女人。 —

But still another personappeared, gnashing his teeth and writhing convulsively like a wounded dog.
但另一个人出现了，咬牙切齿，痉挛扭曲，像一只受伤的狗一样。

　　This sad, ugly dance reminded me of the soldiers, the laundresses, and thecooks, and their vile behavior.
这悲伤丑陋的舞蹈让我想起了士兵、洗衣妇和厨师，还有他们那卑劣的行为。

　　Sitanov’s quiet words stuck in my memory :
斯坦诺夫平静的话语深深铭记在我的记忆中：

“In these affairs every one lies; that’s part of the business. —
“在这些事务中，每个人都撒谎；那是这个职业的一部分。 —

Every one isashamed; no one loves any one — but it is simply an amusement.”
每个人都感到羞耻；没有人爱任何人——这只是一种消遣。”

I did not wish to believe that “every one lied in these affairs. —
我不愿相信“每个人在这些事务中都撒谎”。 —

” How aboutQueen Margot, then? And of course Jikharev was not lying. —
那么玛戈皇后呢？当然，日哈列夫并没有撒谎。 —

And I knew thatSitanov had loved a “street” girl, and she had deceived him. —
而我知道斯坦诺夫曾爱过一个“街头”女孩，而她却欺骗了他。 —

He had notbeaten her for it, as his comrades advised him to do, but had been kind toher.
他没有像他的同志建议的那样打她，而是对她很好。

The large woman went on rocking, smiling like a corpse, waving herhandkerchief. —
这位胖女人继续摇摇晃晃，像一具尸体一样微笑着，挥舞着手帕。 —

Jikharev jumped convulsively about her, and I looked on andthought: —
吉哈列夫在她周围痉挛地跳动着，我看着想道： —

“Could Eve, who was able to deceive God, have been anything likethis horse? —
“能够欺骗上帝的夏娃，会像这匹马一样吗？” —

” I was seized by a feeling of dislike for her.
我对她生起反感。

The faceless images looked from the dark walls; —
无脸的影像从黑暗的墙壁上凝视着； —

the dark night pressedagainst the window-panes. The lamps burned dimly in the stuffy workshop; —
黑夜逼近窗玻璃。灯光在憋得窒息的车间里昏暗地燃烧； —

if one listened, one could hear above the heavy trampling and the din ofvoices the quick dropping of water from the copper wash-basin into the tub.
如果听仔细，能听得到重重的脚步声和喧嚣声中，铜制洗脸盆里的水急速滴入浴缸的声音。

How unlike this was to the life I read of in books! It was painfully unlikeit. —
这与书中的生活多么不同啊！这是痛苦地不同。 —

At length they all grew weary of this, and Kapendiukhin put theharmonica into Salautin’s hands, and cried:
最终他们对此都感到厌倦，卡彭迪乌欣将口琴交给萨劳廷，喊道：

　　“Go on! Fire away!”
“继续！射击！”

He danced like Vanka Tzigan, just as if he was swimming in the air. —
他像范卡·齐嫣一样舞动，仿佛在空中游泳。 —

ThenPavl Odintzov and Sorokhin danced passionately and lightly after him. —
随后帕夫尔·奥金佐夫和索罗欣激情而轻盈地跟着他跳舞。 —

Theconsumptive Davidov also moved his feet about the floor, and coughed fromthe dust, smoke, and the strong odor of vodka and smoked sausage, whichalways smells like tanned hide.
患肺病的达维多夫也在舞池里扭动着脚步，因灰尘、烟雾和浓烈的伏特加和烟熏香肠气味咳嗽，总是散发出像鞣革一样的气味。

　　They danced, and sang, and shouted, but each remembered that theywere making merry, and gave each other a sort of test — a test of agility andendurance.
他们跳舞、唱歌、喧哗，但每个人都记得他们正在欢乐地度过时光，互相进行一种考验——一种对敏捷和耐力的测试。

　　Tipsy Sitanov asked first one and then another:
Tipsy Sitanov先是问了一个人，然后又问了另一个人：

　　“Do you think any one could really love a woman like that?”
“你认为有谁能真心爱上像那样的女人吗？”

　　He looked as if he were on the verge of tears.
他看起来快要哭了。

　　Larionovich, lifting the sharp bones of his shoulders, answered:
拉里昂诺维奇挺直了尖锐的肩膀，回答道：

　　“A woman is a woman — what more do you want?”
“女人就是女人，你还想要什么？”

The two of whom they spoke disappeared unnoticed. —
他们所谈论的那两个人悄然消失了。 —

Jikharevreappeared in the workshop in two er three days, went to the bath, andworked for two weeks in his comer, without speaking, pompous andestranged from every one.
Jikharevre两三天后又出现在车间里，去了澡堂，然后在角落里工作了两个星期，既不说话，又显得自大，与大家都格格不入。

“Have they gone?” asked Sitanov of himself, looking round the workshopwith sad blue-gray eyes. —
“他们走了吗？”Sitanov自言自语，用悲伤的蓝灰色眼睛环顾车间。 —

His face was not handsome, for there was somethingelderly about it, but his eyes were clear and good. —
他的脸不算英俊，因为有点老态，但他的眼睛清澈而善良。 —

Sit — anov was friendly tome — a fact which I owed to my thick note-book in which I had writtenpoetry. —
Sitanov对我很友好——这要归功于我那本厚厚的笔记本，里面写满了诗歌。 —

He did not believe in God, but it was hard to understand who in theworkshop, beside Larionovich, loved God and believed in Him. They allspoke of Him with levity, derisively, just as they liked to speak of theirmistresses. —
他不信仰上帝，但车间里谁除了拉里昂诺维奇，爱上帝并信仰上帝，真是难以理解。他们都在轻率、讥讽地谈论上帝，就像谈论他们的情妇一样。 —

Yet when they dined, or supped, thev all crossed themselves, andwhen they went to bed, they said their prayers, and went to church onSundays and feast days.
然而，当他们用餐时，他们都十字交叉，上床睡觉时，他们都祈祷，每周日和节日他们都会去教堂。

　　Sitanov did none of these things, and he was counted as an unbeliever.
Sitanov什么都不做，被认为是个不信教者。

　　“There is no God,” he said.
“没有上帝。”他说。

　　.“Where did we all come from, then?”
“那我们都是从哪里来的呢？”

　　“I don’t know.”
“我不知道。”

　　When I asked him how God could possibly not be, he explained:
当我问他上帝怎么可能不存在时，他解释道：

　　“Don’t you see that God is height!”
“难道你看不到上帝就是高度吗！”

　　He raised his long arm above his head, then lowered it to an arshin fromthe floor, and said :
他把长长的胳膊举过头顶，然后放下至地板一尺，说道：

“And man is depth! Is that true? And it is written: —
“而人就是深度！是这样吗？而且书上写着： —

Man was created inthe image and likeness of God, — as you know! —
人是按照上帝的形象和样式创造的，— 你知道的！ —

And what is Golovev like?”
那么，戈洛夫延夫是什么样子的？”

This defeated me. The dirty and drunken old man, in spite of his years,was given to an unmentionable sin. —
这让我无法回答。这个肮脏醉醺醺的老人，尽管年事已高，却陷入了一种可耻的罪恶之中。 —

I remembered the Viatski soldier,Ermokhin, and grandmother’s sister. —
我想起了维亚捷克士兵，耶尔莫欣，还有祖母的姐姐。 —

Where was God’s likeness in them?
他们身上哪里体现了上帝的样子呢？

“Human creatures are swine — as you know,” said Sitanov, and then hetried to console me. —
“如你所知，人类是畜生，”斯坦诺夫说，然后试图安慰我。 —

“Never mind, Maxim, there are good people; there are!”
“别放在心上，马克西姆，好人还是有的；有的啊！”

　　He was easy to get on with; he was so simple. When he did not knowanything, he said frankly:
他很好相处；他很直率。当他不知道某事时，他会坦率地说：

　　“I don’t know; I never thought about it!”
“我不知道，我从来没想过！”

This was something unusual. Until I met him, I had only come acrosspeople who knew everything and talked about everything. —
这是非常不同寻常的。在遇到他之前，我只遇到那种什么都知道、什么都会谈论的人。 —

It was strange tome to see in his note-book, side by side with good poetry which touched thesoul, many obscene verses which aroused no feeling but that of shame. —
在他的笔记本上看到令人感动的好诗和触动灵魂的东西，旁边却有许多淫秽的诗句，这让我感到很奇怪，这些诗句只能唤起羞耻的感觉。 —

WhenI spoke to him about Pushkin, he showed me “Gavrialad,” which had beencopied in his book.
当我跟他谈起普希金时，他给我看了他书上抄写的《加乌里阿德》。

　　“What is Pushkin? Nothing but a jester, but that Benediktov — he isworth paying attention to.”
“普希金算什么？不过是个小丑，但是那个贝内迪科夫 — 他值得关注。”

　　And closing his eyes he repeated softly :
他闭上眼睛轻声重复着：

　　“Look at the bewitching bosom Of a beautiful woman.”
“看看一个美丽女人的迷人胸膛。”

　　For some reason he was especially partial to the three lines which hequoted with joyful pride:
有些原因，他特别偏爱这三行诗，他充满自豪地引用了：

　　“Not even the orbs of an eagle Into that warm cloister can penetrate Andread that heart.”
“即便是老鹰的眼睛 也不能进入这温暖的内室 读懂那颗心。”

　　“Do you understand that?”
“你明白吗？”

　　It was very uncomfortable to me to have to acknowledge that I did notunderstand what he was so pleased about.
不得不承认我不理解他为何如此高兴，这让我很不舒服。