We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
我们是人类进化的产物，不仅仅是数十亿年前发生的进化。随着科学家深入研究我们的基因，他们发现在过去几千年里人类的进化实例。埃塞俄比亚高原的人们已经适应了高海拔的生活。东非和北欧的牧牛人获得了一种突变，帮助他们成年后消化牛奶。

On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they’ve also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land,” said Redney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.
在周四发表在《细胞》杂志上的一篇文章中，一个研究团队报告了一种新的适应性——不是对空气或食物的适应，而是对海洋的适应。东南亚有一群生活在海上的人已经进化成了更好的潜水者。这些被称为巴瑶族的人在印度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾有数十万之多。他们传统上生活在船屋上；近年来，他们还在沿海水域建造了高脚屋。“他们对陆地简直是陌生人，”夏威夷大学的研究员雷德尼·C·朱比拉多说，他研究巴瑶族。

Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders,” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
朱比拉多博士在菲律宾萨马尔岛长大时首次遇到了巴瑶族。他们以潜水为生，进行鱼叉捕鱼或收获贝类。“我们非常惊讶，他们能在水下停留的时间比我们当地岛民长得多，”朱比拉多博士说。“我能看到他们实际上在海底行走。”

In201, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “it seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population,” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
201年，哥本哈根大学遗传学研究生梅丽莎·伊拉尔多听说了巴瑶族。她想知道几个世纪的潜水是否可能导致了使这项任务对他们来说更容易的身体特征的进化。“这似乎是自然选择对一个种群起作用的完美机会，”伊拉尔多博士说。她还表示，可能有许多其他基因帮助巴瑶族潜水。

1. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?
   A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.
   B. New knowledge of human evolution.
   C. Recent findings of human origin.
   D. Significance of food selection.
   答案：B

2. Where do the Bajau build their houses?
   A. In valleys.
   B. Near rivers.
   C. On the beach.
   D. Off the coast.
   答案：D

3. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?
   A. They could walk on stilts all day.
   B. They had a superb way of fishing.
   C. They could stay long underwater.
   D. They lived on both land and water.
   答案：C

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?
   A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea
   B. Highlanders’ Survival Skills
   C. Basic Methods of Genetic Research
   D. The World’s Best Divers
   答案：A