呦呦鹿鸣.jpg

呦呦鹿鸣,食野之苹。
The mooing deer is calling, eating the wild mugwort in the field.

我有嘉宾,鼓瑟吹笙。
I have distinguished guests, playing the Se and blowing the Sheng.

吹笙鼓簧,承筐是将。
Blowing the Sheng and beating the reed, carrying the basket and offering it.

人之好我,示我周行。
People are kind to me, showing me the way.

呦呦鹿鸣,食野之蒿。
The mooing deer is calling, eating the wild mugwort in the field.

我有嘉宾,德音孔昭。
I have distinguished guests, their moral reputation are very prominent.

视民不恌,君子是则是效。
Be generous and not harsh to people, gentlemen takes it as a rule.

我有旨酒,嘉宾式燕以敖。
I have fine wine, my guests are reveling in delight.

呦呦鹿鸣,食野之芩。
The mooing deer is calling, eating the wild aster in the field.

我有嘉宾,鼓瑟鼓琴。
I have distinguished guests, playing the Se and plucking the Qin.

鼓瑟鼓琴,和乐且湛。
Playing the Se and the Qin, peaceful, joyful, yet profound.

我有旨酒,以燕乐嘉宾之心。
I have fine wine, to entertain and delight my guests.

句子成分标记:主语谓语/谓语动词宾语/表语定语状语补语插入语/主谓句词组/短语

古文:呦呦鹿鸣,食野之苹。
结构:呦呦(拟声)鹿(名)(动)(动)(名)(助)(名)
白话文:哞哞鹿在叫,吃着野地的艾蒿。
英文:The mooing deer is calling, eating the wild mugwort in the field.
[注]:呦呦〔yōu yōu〕:拟声词,鹿鸣声。苹:艾蒿,一说浮萍。

古文:我有嘉宾,鼓瑟吹笙。
结构:(代)(动)嘉宾(名)(动)(名)(动)(名)
白话文:我有贵客,敲着瑟吹着笙。
英文:I have distinguished guests, playing the Se and blowing the Sheng.

古文:吹笙鼓簧,承筐是将。
结构:(动)(名)(动)(名)(动)(名)(连)(动)
白话文:吹着笙鼓着簧,承上筐并且进献。
英文:Blowing the Sheng and beating the reed, carrying the basket and offering it.
[注]:承筐是将:承筐,奉上盛有币帛的竹筐,后代指迎接宾客。将(jiāng),送,献。

古文:人之好我,示我周行。
结构:(名)(助)(形转动)(代)(动)(代词)(名)(名)
白话文:人们对我友善,为我指示道理。
英文:People are kind to me, showing me the way.
[注]:好:善的意思,转为动词。周行(háng):周朝行列,引申为周朝道理。示我周行:双宾语。

古文:呦呦鹿鸣,食野之蒿。
结构:呦呦(拟声)鹿(名)(动)(动)(名)(助)(名)
白话文:哞哞鹿在叫,吃着野地的青蒿。
英文:The mooing deer is calling, eating the wild mugwort in the field.

古文:我有嘉宾,德音孔昭。
结构:(代)(动)嘉宾(名)(名)(名)(副)(动)
白话文:我有贵客,德行声誉很昭彰。
英文:I have distinguished guests, their moral reputation are very prominent.
[注]:德音:美好的品德和声誉。孔:很。

古文:视民不恌,君子是则是效。
结构:(动)(名)(副)(形)君子(名)(代)(动)(代)(动)
白话文:待人宽厚不刻薄,君子视它为准则并效法它。
英文:Be generous and not harsh to people, gentlemen takes it as a rule.
[注]:视:示,对待。恌(tiāo):同“佻”,轻薄。则:效法。效:效法。视民不恌:双宾语

古文:我有旨酒,嘉宾式燕以敖。
结构:(代)(动)(形)(名)嘉宾(名)(助)(动)(连)(动)
结构:{我(代)【有(动)〘旨(形)酒(名)〙】},{嘉宾(名)【式(助)燕(动)以(介)敖(动)】}。
白话文:我有上好的美酒,贵客们畅饮作乐。
英文:I have fine wine, my guests are reveling in delight.
[注]:旨:甘美。式燕以敖:式,语气助词,无实义。燕,同“宴”,宴饮。敖,同“遨”,遨游,游乐。

古文:呦呦鹿鸣,食野之芩。
结构:呦呦(拟声)鹿(名)(动)(动)(名)(助)(名)
白话文:哞哞鹿在叫,吃着野地的芩草。
英文:The mooing deer is calling, eating the wild aster in the field.
[注]:芩(qín):草名,蒿类植物。

古文:我有嘉宾,鼓瑟鼓琴。
结构:(代)(动)嘉宾(名)(动)(名)(动)(名)
白话文:我有贵客,敲着瑟弹着琴。
英文:I have distinguished guests, playing the Se and plucking the Qin.

古文:鼓瑟鼓琴,和乐且湛。
结构:(动)(名)(动)(名)(形)(形)(连)(形)
白话文:敲着瑟弹着琴,祥和欢乐又深沉。
英文:Playing the Se and the Qin, peaceful, joyful, yet profound.
[注]:湛(dān):通“耽”,深厚

古文:我有旨酒,以燕乐嘉宾之心。
结构:(代)(动)(形)(名)(连)(动)(动)嘉宾(名)(助)(名)
白话文:我有上好的美酒,用来欢乐和款待嘉宾。
英文:I have fine wine, to entertain and delight my guests.
[注]:燕,同“宴”,宴饮。

《鹿鸣》是《诗经》中“小雅”部分的一篇,属于“鹿鸣之什”系列。这首诗通过描绘一个盛大宴会上的场景,展示了一种和谐与秩序井然的社会理想。宴会上,宾主尽欢,人们歌唱、舞蹈,共同享受着和平繁荣的时代。

《鹿鸣》不仅是一首富有礼仪的宴会之诗,更通过这样的场合,传达了君子亲近贤士,以德音相交的思想。整首诗歌洋溢着周礼的风范,反映了上古时期的社交礼节及其背后的和谐理想。